Types of dermatitis
Today, there are many different types of dermatitis, but the most common are the following:
- Allergic dermatitis is a disease that occurs as a result of the penetration of allergen molecules into the body along with food and inhaled air.
- Atopic dermatitis - manifests itself in connection with a genetic predisposition.
- Allergic contact dermatitis is a pathology caused by direct contact of the skin surface with an irritant. The lesion site has clear outlines.
Causes of dermatitis
Dermatitis that occurs on the fingers, between them, can have a physical, chemical or biological etiology. Obligate causes that influence the occurrence of the disease are also identified.
Dermatitis on the hands can appear as a result of physical impact. In this case, the reasons for the formation of the rash are expressed in the form of influence:
- humidity;
- temperature changes;
- high blood pressure;
- radiation.
Contact dermatitis on the skin of the hands can occur under the influence of certain plants (biological factor). The impact is particularly negative:
- ash;
- milkweed;
- nettle;
- garlic
Chemical causes of the disease are also identified. Allergic dermatitis on the hands can be formed under the influence of:
- paint and varnish products;
- household cleaners;
- powders;
- acids
The above factors are the main ones. Due to the negative effects of these substances, a rash most often appears between the fingers of an adult and a child. However, there are additional factors that influence the formation of skin dermatitis.
- Food irritants include common allergens: chocolate, products with dyes, preservatives and emulsifiers, nuts, milk, eggs, honey.
- Aeroallergens that affect the formation of dermatitis on the skin of the hands and between the fingers include chemical production toxins, plant pollen, animal hair, and household dust.
- The occurrence of skin dermatitis between the fingers may be due to the influence of cosmetics.
- Contact and atopic dermatitis on the hands can appear when an adult and child are genetically predisposed to allergic reactions.
- Symptoms of the disease can be caused by frequent emotional outbursts, fears, depression, and stress.
- Dermatitis between the fingers can occur under the influence of medications. These include antibiotics and dietary supplements.
All additional factors contribute to the appearance of a rash on the surface of the skin in adults and children, who have an increased sensitivity of the body to negative influences. It is impossible to cure the disease without eliminating irritating substances.
Allergic dermatitis on the hands can have a physical, chemical and biological etiology.
- Why do allergic dermatitis occur in children? more details>>
Stages of contact dermatitis
The following stages of contact dermatitis are distinguished:
- redness (erythematous);
- the appearance of bubbles of different sizes on the surface of the inflammation (vesiculobullous);
- destruction of vesicles, peeling of the epidermis (necrotic).
Main types of skin lesions with contact dermatitis
With contact allergic dermatitis, the following types of skin lesions occur:
- Scuffs and calluses - occur as a result of wearing tight or uncomfortable shoes, clothes with rough seams.
- Diaper rash – causes skin areas to rub against each other. Complications of an infectious nature often occur. The ingress of microbes leads to the appearance of ulcers. Yeasts contribute to the appearance of diaper rash.
- Bright red spots with flaking scales - Leiner's dermatitis, develops from diaper rash. Happens in infants due to improper skin care. Often a consequence of an infectious disease.
Systemic therapy
Systemic therapy is necessary for the complex treatment of internal pathologies of the body. During it, various groups of drugs are prescribed.
- To block histamine in the body, antihistamines Suprastin, Cetrin, Loratadine, Zodak, Tavegil are used. If the disease is in a severe stage, calcium chloride is prescribed intravenously.
- In order to eliminate itching and calm the body, sedatives are used: tincture of valerian, motherwort, peony root, Persen.
- During treatment, vitamin therapy using vitamins B, A and E is indicated.
- Enterosorbents help remove harmful substances from the body. Enterosgel and Polysorb are often prescribed.
- In the chronic course of the disease, systemic corticosteroids Prednisolone and Dexamethasone are indicated.
- To restore the intestinal microflora, eubiotics Lactobacterin and Bifidumbacterin are needed.
- When the herpes virus is attached, Acyclovir is indicated. If a fungal infection is observed, then medications with an antimycotic effect are prescribed.
Physiotherapeutic procedures are also prescribed to improve the condition of the body and skin. These include:
- laser therapy;
- reflexology;
- darsonvalization;
- Spa treatment.
Factors causing dermatitis
Allergic dermatitis can be caused by a number of factors:
- household chemicals and laundry detergents (solutions of alkalis and acids);
- solvents;
- cosmetical tools;
- medications;
- latex, rubber;
- different types of dust;
- wool;
- light radiation;
- effect of temperatures;
- mechanical damage;
- food products;
- plant juices;
- some metals.
Characteristic symptoms in children
The appearance of redness, swelling, blisters, and itching bring children a lot of discomfort. Allergic dermatitis in children causes worsening mood and changes in behavior.
Scratching the area of irritation provokes the appearance of scabs. Rashes can be found on the child’s face, head and limbs.
Diagnosis of allergic dermatitis
Self-diagnosis of the disease can be carried out by familiarizing yourself with photos of allergic dermatitis.
To avoid the appearance of eczema, which indicates the transition of the disease to a chronic form, it is necessary to begin treatment on time.
The most important thing is to eliminate the factors that caused the allergy. To do this, it is necessary to diagnose which substances cause such a reaction of the immune system.
A health care professional can perform a specific patch test to identify hazardous substances for a specific person.
The test is carried out by injecting safe doses of various allergens into the skin of the forearm or back. Then they look at the reaction of the skin. If they are clean and unchanged, then the substance is safe for the individual tested.
Diagnosis of the disease
Before the doctor tells you how to treat dermatitis on the hands, an examination is necessary. This is necessary to identify the irritating factor that led to the development of the disease on the skin of the hands in an adult and a child.
During the research, the doctor will determine:
- nature of irritation;
- speed of onset of disease symptoms;
- area of irritation.
He also prescribes laboratory tests that will help identify the source of the lesion. These include:
- general blood and urine tests;
- serological and immunological examinations;
- biopsy;
- blood test to identify allergens.
Only after this can treatment of the disease be prescribed.
Before starting treatment for dermatitis on the hands, it is necessary to identify the cause (allergen).
Products for the treatment of dermatitis
To relieve patients from allergic dermatitis, the following groups of drugs are used:
- antifungal and antimicrobial ointments and creams that relieve itching;
- antihistamines are applicable if local treatment is ineffective; they reduce swelling and itching;
- Your doctor may prescribe corticosteroids in particularly severe cases.
Facial skin care should be more delicate. It is worth avoiding exposure to tap water. Use micellar products for daily cleansing.
They help maintain water-fat balance. Apply moisturizing and soothing products to damaged areas.
The correctness of treatment determines whether pigmentation and scars will appear on the skin.
Basic principles of treatment
An obligatory stage of treatment is eliminating the influence of the irritant. If this is not done, then the therapy will not bring a positive result. Contact dermatitis requires not only complete elimination of the negative effects, but also nutritional restorative therapy.
During treatment, it is important to ensure that the skin is not irritated by exposure to water. When washing your hands, you must use hypoallergenic soap. During cleaning, it is recommended to carry out all manipulations with rubber gloves.
A hypoallergenic diet for dermatitis is extremely important. It does not matter which factor turned out to be decisive in the course of its formation. Even non-allergic dermatitis can be aggravated by irritants in foods. The following should be excluded from the diet:
- sweet products;
- salty, fried, spicy foods;
- smoked meats;
- seasonings and spices;
- cocoa;
- strawberries;
- citrus;
- mushrooms;
- nuts;
- honey;
- seafood;
- nutritional supplements.
To prevent dry skin, it is necessary to add vegetable oils to salads and other dishes. During the diet, low-fat foods that are steamed or boiled are allowed.
To eliminate symptoms of the disease, it is necessary to treat all chronic foci of infections and eliminate pathologies of various organs.
To make dermatitis on your hands go away faster, you need to stop eating certain foods.
