Comedones, their types and treatment. How to get rid of blackheads and pimples

How do they appear?

Comedones are one of the types of acne. They appear for a reason. And as a result of an unhealthy skin condition, which most often occurs against the background of hormonal disorders. Or disturbances in the functioning of the sebaceous glands.

All this leads to increased sebum secretion, which becomes especially noticeable on the face . This is where comedones appear most often.

The process of appearance of comedones on the face , photos of which you can see on our website, can be divided into three stages.

Disruption of the processes of keratinization of the epithelium in the upper part of the hair follicle.
Their mouths narrow, or may even close completely.
There is a disruption in the secretion of fat, which accumulates in this follicle, stretching its walls, which forms a cyst.

These rashes appear for a reason. They have their reasons, and there can be quite a lot of them.

Diet

It's no secret that the condition of the skin directly depends on what a person eats. In this regard, modern experts highlight a list of products that need to be added to your diet and, therefore, those that need to be excluded.

Products that are useful and necessary for comedones include:

Liver and legumes containing large amounts of chromium.
Flaxseed oil because it contains essential omega acids.
Fish, lean beef, asparagus are rich in zinc, which is the main assistant in the fight against comedones.
Fresh vegetables due to the content of a large number of various vitamins.
Green and herbal teas that help remove unnecessary toxins from the body.

Products that nutritionists and cosmetologists recommend eliminating completely or reducing:

Chocolate, flour and sweets provoke the appearance of a rash and negatively affect the body's metabolic processes.
High fat dairy products.
Fatty and fried foods negatively affect the digestive system and the processes of eliminating harmful substances from the body.
Caffeine, as it affects the production of cortisol, the stress hormone.
Bread, since it leads to excessive production of insulin, consequently increases the production of sebum, that is, clogging the pores.

We recommend reading: What to do if watery blisters appear on the skin of the arms and legs - possible causes

If you follow these recommendations, the result will not be long in coming. Not only the skin will improve, but also the general condition of the body.

Causes

The main reason for the appearance of comedones on the face is a hereditary predisposition. If your parents had acne when they were teenagers, then most likely you will have to become acquainted with comedones. Also important is the type of skin, which is also inherited, and the tendency to produce excess sebum.

The second , no less common reason for their appearance is hormonal changes. Acne and comedones appear especially often during puberty. Moreover, in most cases, boys suffer from them. In girls, acne is quite rare.

Additionally, hormonal levels can change greatly during pregnancy and menopause. This also negatively affects the condition of facial skin.

The third reason is endocrine diseases and disorders of the nervous system. This may include:

Frequent stress.
Sleep problems.
Hyperthyroidism.
Hypothyroidism.
Diabetes.
Problems in the function of the sex glands.

In this case, comedonal acne appears on the forehead, chin, and nose. And although the rashes themselves cause virtually no discomfort, they look very unattractive.

The fourth reason is poor nutrition. Most often, these formations appear on the face due to eating large amounts of carbohydrates and fats of animal origin. Rashes appear on the face of those who neglect vegetable dishes, eat little fruit, fish and vegetable oils.

This also includes the abuse of alcoholic beverages and too frequent consumption of carbonated drinks.

Also, black and white comedones on the face can appear when taking certain medications and smoking.

The fifth reason is living in an unfavorable environmental environment. Carbon monoxide, heavy metal salts and various chemicals especially affect the condition of the skin.

And finally, reason number six is prolonged exposure to the sun, poor body hygiene, or rather, its complete absence. This also includes the illiterate choice of cosmetics.

Features and secrets of success in treatment

Set yourself up for long-term activities.
Adjust your diet and quality of nutrition.
Reduce the amount of decorative cosmetics.
Take care of your facial skin regularly.

The video explains how to get rid of comedones:

By eliminating at least external influences, you can already achieve good results, but the best option would be complex therapy.

Help with medicines

Dermatological problems are often perceived by people not as a disease, but as a condition that can be cured by some miracle remedy literally in one go. In the case of any type of comedones, it is best to prepare for long-term treatment, so you should be patient.

Despite the wide selection of different remedies for acne and acne, no one has yet come up with a universal option. Even drugs designed for quick results have a catch: usually these are short-term rashes immediately after finishing taking the drug. This does not indicate its uselessness; simply, after such exposure, the skin must again adapt to “independent life.” Also, many products can become addictive, so you should not use them longer than the recommended course. If the drug has helped you well, you should not use it constantly so as not to reduce its effectiveness. This applies primarily to medications that contain antibiotics.

The best solution would be to use special anti-acne medications, the action of which is based on an antimicrobial component.

Good products that include special substances that act on the root cause of acne: propionibacterium acnes, as well as epidermal staphylococcus (Staphylococcus epidermidis). It should be noted that these are quite strong drugs that are prohibited during pregnancy and lactation, as well as for children under 12 years of age.

Brief overview of drugs

Adapalene (anti-inflammatory effect):

Adaklin.
Adolen.
Differin.
Klenzit - S.
Effezel.

Azelaic acid (anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects):

Azelik.
Azix - Derm.
Klenzit.
Skinoren (here you can see instructions for using Skinoren gel).

Benzoyl peroxide (antimicrobial and anti-staphylococcal action):

Baziron AS.
Effezel.

Clindamecin (antibiotic):

Mirror.
Klenzit - S.
Read also: Pimples on the chin, nose and forehead, causes - Benefits and harms for the human body

Erythromycin (antibiotic):

Zinerit (here you will find instructions for using Zinerit ointment).
Isotrexin.

Zinc derivatives (antimicrobial, dry skin):

Zinerite (zinc acetate).
Curiosin (zinc hyaluronate).
Salicylic-zinc paste (zinc oxide).
Cynovit (zinc pyrithione), read about Cynovit cleansing gel.

Metronidazole (antibiotic):

Metrogyl anti-acne gel.
Rosamet.

Hyaluronic acid (antiviral, anti-inflammatory and regenerating effect):

Regetsin.
Curiosin.

Hyaluronic acid is often used in cosmetology. Here you can see the composition of Libriderm cream with hyaluronic acid.

Isotretinoin (antiseborrheic and anti-inflammatory effects):

Retinoic ointment.
Roaccutane (here you can read reviews of pills for acne on the face Roaccutane).
Retasol.
Isotrexin.

Salicylic acid (antiseptic):

Alcohol solution of salicylic acid.
Salicylovo - zinc paste.
Serno - salicylic ointment.

The choice is quite wide, so it will be difficult to prescribe medication on your own. In any case, the medication must be prescribed by a doctor; uncontrolled use can aggravate the situation, and the wrong medication can cause intoxication of the body and further rashes.

Hardware cosmetology

Suitable procedures for removing comedones must be agreed upon with a cosmetologist. They should not be done during periods of active rashes or progressive inflammatory process. It is best to perform regular facial cleansing after receiving the results of drug therapy.

Types of cosmetic procedures

Ultrasonic peeling. A special device carefully cleanses the skin surface from the dead layer of cells and internal accumulations of sebum. An unusually effective procedure that can be performed at home if you purchase a portable scrubber.
Microdermabrasion. Under certain pressure, small particles of an abrasive substance are applied to the surface of the skin, which gently polishes and cleanses the skin. This is a deeper cleaning than ultrasonic, so its use requires compliance with a certain frequency.
Vacuum cleaning . Local exposure to rarefied air on certain areas of the skin can gently and effectively remove dead skin cells and comedones from the surface.

Mechanical facial cleansing (brushing) is also very effective, the main thing is that it is performed by a professional. Carrying out the procedure yourself requires maximum caution and complete sterility. Usually, the result of such experiments is an urgent trip to a cosmetologist, so it is better to save time and mental strength and immediately contact a specialist.

Comedones. How to treat?

How to get rid of comedones?

In fact, the first thing to do is to find out the cause of the disease. And only after this can you begin to act. But what should those who cannot get to the doctor today or tomorrow do?

The first thing to remember is to wash your face twice a day with warm water, in which you need to mix bactericidal soap or foam. After washing, the skin should be treated with lotion , which in no case should contain alcohol. You can buy it at a cosmetics store.

Instead of lotion, you can use salicylic acid, which is applied to areas with rashes. In addition to the antibacterial effect, salicylic acid helps remove the very sebaceous plugs that cause black comedones.

What medications can be used for treatment at home?

Antibiotics , which should be used only as prescribed by a doctor. Unidox solutab and tetracycline are mainly used here.
Creams, lotions and solutions for external use. Drugs such as zinerite, skinoren gel, adapalene cream, and Holy Land lotion are especially helpful here.
Ointments . Among the drugs in this group, the most effective in the treatment of comedones are retinoic ointment, differin, ichthyol ointment, and zinc ointment.

Traditional medicine recipes, in particular masks that can be prepared at home, will also help get rid of closed and open comedones.

Protein mask

To prepare it, beat one large spoon of sugar well with one egg. Apply the resulting mixture to your face.

This mask will help quickly cleanse the skin and draw out all the impurities from clogged pores.

Soda mask

To prepare it, you need to mix a teaspoon of salt and soda together and add a few drops of water.

Apply the resulting mixture to the skin and rub a little.

Instead of one of the components, you can use pre-ground oatmeal.

Rice mask

You can also remove comedones using this mask. To prepare it, 50 grams of rice need to be poured with 300 ml of boiling water.

The solution should be left overnight. After this, drain the water and mash the rice. After this, the paste is applied to the face and kept for 20 minutes.

Kefir mask

To cleanse the skin, it is recommended to use a kefir mask. You can either wash your face with it or simply apply it to your face as a mask.

Also, all these remedies can be used as prophylaxis.

Author - Anna Mikhailova, dermatologist-cosmetologist of the first category, specialist at the Academy of Scientific Beauty. Especially for the site “Treating Acne”.

Classification

Comedones themselves are a clogged facial pore through which the natural outflow of sebum does not occur. This leads to the appearance of an inflammatory process, which can occur in different ways and quickly lead to further spread. It is always necessary to fight comedones, regardless of the causes.

The picture shows types of comedones

Based on the type and manifestations, there are two types of comedones: closed and open. Open comedones are the easiest to treat, because then there are more opportunities to get rid of them quickly. In appearance they are easily distinguished by their characteristic black “head”. That is why their second name is blackheads.

With closed comedones, everything is much more complicated, because they are located much deeper in the epithelium, so it will be more difficult to get rid of them. Closed comedones are often called whiteheads or millet comedones for the similarity of dense subcutaneous nodules with millet seeds.

Find out how to get rid of acne on your legs.
Here you can read about the causes of whiteheads on the chin.
Reviews of liquid tar soap for acne: .

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Treatment of comedones using the squeezing method at home

Before performing the removal procedure, you need to steam your face to soften the skin and open the pores. This will help squeeze out comedones easier and cause less trauma to the skin. You can do this in several ways:

a steam bath helps to expand and cleanse the sebaceous glands of the entire body before mechanically getting rid of acne;
hot home bath with the addition of sea salt, herbal decoction, essential oils;
baths for home treatment of rashes. Pour hot, but not scalding, water into a suitable container with the addition of a decoction of herbs with a disinfecting and drying effect (chamomile, linden, oak bark, calendula, sea buckthorn berries). Pre-cleanse your face, bend over the container, cover your head with a towel, and steam your skin at home to remove comedones for 5-10 minutes;
hot compress before the disposal procedure. Fold a towel several times, soak it in hot water with the addition of a decoction of herbs, and cover your face with it.

After the steaming process, begin mechanical removal of comedones in the comfort of your home.

Hands and nails must be washed, wiped with disinfectant, and fingers should be wrapped in sterile napkins. There is no need to press with force so as not to damage the skin.

At the end of the procedure, wipe your face with lotion. To make the pores narrow after getting rid of dirt and sebum, you need to apply a mask or wipe the skin with pieces of ice. You can make a clay mask or from a mixture of chicken egg white and lemon juice. Wash with warm water and moisturize your face with a cream suitable for your skin type.

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