Etiology
The causes of redness of the skin of the body most often come down to the development of acute infectious pathology or skin diseases.
During infectious processes, intoxication manifestations of varying severity are observed: fever, lack of appetite, sleep disturbances, weakness, irritability.
But skin changes can also be caused by external influences, immunodeficiency, and hormonal changes.
Allergy
Characteristic redness of the skin with blurry spots. Accompanied by peeling, itching, a feeling of dryness and discomfort.
Explained by a hypersensitivity reaction to foods, medications, contacts with various substances or physical factors.
Hives
This is the name given to a typical skin manifestation of allergy; it is often a syndrome of infectious and endocrine pathology. Pale, raised papules are formed, surrounded by a reddish border. A characteristic symptom is severe skin itching.
It occurs due to a sharp expansion of surface capillaries with an increase in the permeability of their walls and the development of edema. Read more about urticaria →
Measles
Viral disease. Skin spots have a number of features: maculopapular in nature, sometimes with symptoms of hemorrhage; bright red color; unchanged skin background. They are characterized by a tendency for elements to merge and be located throughout the body.
Redness of the skin spreads sequentially from the face to the legs, giving way to pigmentation and peeling in the same order.
Rubella
If the skin is covered with red spots, infection by the rubella virus cannot be ruled out. Roseolas or papules that do not merge with each other are formed on an unchanged skin background. Typical localization is on the extensor surface of the joints. It disappears without a trace after a few days. Read more about rubella →
Streptoderma
Redness of the skin in adults and children occurs when affected by streptococci. The spots are round in shape, painful, turning into blisters filled with pus, sometimes mixed with blood. As a rule, they are accompanied by itchy skin. Once the vesicles are opened, ulcers may form.
Scarlet fever
The cause of the rash is streptococci. Elements of the rash appear in the first days of the disease and have distinctive characteristics: small dotted red elements; hyperemic skin background. Localization - flexor surfaces of the arms, medial surfaces of the legs, especially concentrated in the skin folds, on the cheeks and forehead.
The outcome of the rash is peeling in the form of large peeling plates, especially on the fingertips.
lupus erythematosus
Large flaky patches on the face form a butterfly outline, occupying the nose and cheekbones. The lesions resemble discs or coins with hyperemic edges. In the center of the elements, an area of atrophy and depigmentation is determined. Read more about lupus erythematosus →
Psoriasis
Certain areas of the body become covered with protruding pinkish plaques, the surface of which peels off. There is severe itching in the areas of the rash. If you lift the plaque, the redness under the affected skin is pronounced, sometimes bleeding. Read more about psoriasis →
Eczema
It may appear against the background of advanced allergies, complicated course of various diseases, or during stress.
The skin in the affected areas becomes covered with blisters and spots, which alternate with cracks and areas of peeling. This is accompanied by severe itching. Sometimes the scratched areas bleed and become inflamed.
Vegetative-vascular dystonia
A single spot on the skin, but more often diffuse redness of the face, neck, and décolleté is explained by a violation of the autonomic regulation of capillary tone. Under stress, they expand, which is accompanied by erythema.
Neuroses
Typically, skin manifestations are observed in adults due to chronic stress, sleep disturbances and lack of vitamins. Itching of psychosomatic origin appears.
Other reasons
Redness of the scalp can be caused by seborrhea and lichen. This is usually observed in adult patients. They complain of severe itching, which gets worse after washing their hair, dandruff and hair loss.
Also, skin rashes develop against the background of demodicosis - the skin is destroyed by a special type of mites.
A red raised patch on the skin is often the first sign of scleroderma.
A red spot or widespread redness on the skin is sometimes caused by physical factors: excessive insolation, hypothermia.
Facial skin problem
If redness does not occur due to the characteristics of the human nervous system and temperature conditions, then the main causes can be considered inflammatory processes, allergies, dermatitis, vitamin deficiency, high blood pressure, and diseases of the cardiovascular system. Redness as a side symptom occurs due to diseases of the circulatory system and gastrointestinal tract.
Pay attention to the frequency of red spots. If they appeared once and then disappeared, they may have been caused by emotional stress.
Also remember what you ate and drank the day before: hot food, spicy foods and drinks contribute to the appearance of redness. If spots appear periodically, there may be an allergy to food, plants, wool, dust, etc. Be sure to consult an allergist to identify the true cause of the redness. Redness in the form of spots may indicate damage to the subcutaneous demodex mite.
Treatment Options
It is best to consult a dermatologist, but you can try to independently determine the cause of the spots by studying the nature of their manifestation. Only a doctor can prescribe high-quality and complete treatment.
Follow general recommendations for caring for sore skin:
1.Do not use foundation to cover redness. As a last resort, you can slightly correct the condition using light concealing cosmetics.
2. If your face is affected by acne, still do not forget to take care of it properly: cleanse, moisturize and nourish.
3. In winter it is necessary to use cosmetics that protect against frost, and in summer - sunscreen.
4. Allergic spots can be provoked by red fruits and vegetables, sweet and spicy foods, strong coffee and tea, as well as bad habits. If this is the reason, you need to eliminate junk food and give up bad habits.
ethnoscience
Alternative medicine can be used if the red spots are not the result of a serious illness. Home remedies help when used over a longer period of time than treatments from a specialist, but still give good results. Caring for dry skin is very important, because redness and itching can occur due to insufficient nutrition of skin cells. With the help of simple recipes for moisturizing face masks, you can get rid of the problem.
1.Honey and sour cream mask . If your skin is flaky and very dry, you can choose sour cream with a high fat content. Mix a small amount of ingredients in equal proportions and keep for 15-20 minutes. Sour cream will nourish and whiten the skin, honey will disinfect and provide a large amount of microelements and vitamins.
2.Egg mask with aloe juice. As a result of redness, pores often become enlarged. Egg white helps close and tighten them, and aloe juice has an anti-inflammatory effect.
3.For cleansing and whitening, use cucumber oatmeal mask regularly once every two days. Mix a small amount of ground flakes with the cucumber mixture and season with olive oil. The cucumber will whiten, the flakes will act as a delicate peeling, and the oil will saturate it with healthy vitamins. Leave for at least 15 minutes, rinse with warm boiled water and then blot with a soft towel.
Getting rid of red spots in the salon
Cosmetic procedures will help get rid of redness caused by external causes. If this unpleasant phenomenon is a symptom of internal diseases, then you will need to visit one or more attending physicians: a dermatologist, an allergist, a gastroenterologist.
- To get rid of acne and acne redness, chemical peeling is used in the salon.
- To remove spider veins, electrocoagulation or a laser procedure is used. In this way, problematic vessels that affect the appearance of red spots are cauterized.
- To eliminate flaking due to redness, mechanical cleansing and cryomassage are often used, as well as special masks with vitamins.
Which doctor treats spots and redness of the skin?
Any spots inside or on the surface of the skin can appear due to a variety of reasons.
First of all, you need to contact a dermatologist (dermatovenereologist). If it is impossible to get an appointment without a referral, the patient visits a therapist. After the examination, the doctor will determine which specialists are needed to make a diagnosis. In unclear cases, examinations by an infectious disease specialist, allergist, neurologist, immunologist, and gastroenterologist are recommended.
What clothes provoke these rashes?
Allergic reactions and other skin rashes due to clothing are provoked by both synthetic and natural fabrics. Natural clothing is often combined with other fibers to increase durability. When choosing underwear, it is better not to look in the direction of synthetic fabrics, but if such material is used to make outerwear, then do not be afraid.
Viscose
Modern viscose is often made not from natural cellulose, but from synthetic fiber. People buy viscose in the hope that it is a safe natural material, and then often experience a negative skin reaction. High-quality fabric is not as harmful as other synthetics and allows the skin to breathe.
Polyester
Despite the fact that polyester is a non-natural fabric, modern technologies have made it possible to make this material of very high quality. If the manufacturer followed all the rules for making polyester, clothing made from this fiber is considered safe. Even diapers for babies are made from this material, but individual sensitivity to the polymer fiber leads to an allergic rash.
Polyamide
Synthetic fibers are used to make polyamide clothing. The fabric breathes well, does not wrinkle, and is sensitive to high temperatures. This material is more suitable for the production of socks, since it does not allow heat to pass through and does not absorb moisture at all.
Cotton
Cotton is considered one of the most durable and body-safe materials. It will provide good ventilation, therefore suitable for underwear. Cotton products will not cause allergies or irritation, provided that personal hygiene rules are followed.
Linen
Products made from a natural material called flax allow air to pass through and maintain the required temperature. The fabric is pleasant to the touch and does not harm the skin.
Do clothes always cause acne?
The completely natural composition of things does not mean the absence of skin problems. It is important to observe daily cleansing and washing of the body, monitor hygiene, timely change of linen, and lead a correct lifestyle, only then will the skin be healthy and clean.
Prevention of body rashes
For normal functioning, the skin simply needs to breathe. Artificial fibers block the access of air to the body, so underwear should be chosen only from high-quality natural fabric. If you follow simple rules, you can avoid skin problems.
- It is important to wash things well so that there are no traces of powder or other detergents left in them.
- Knitted underwear needs timely change and frequent washing, because contaminated items are a source of various infections.
- Do not forget about bed linen, the quality of which must be high. Frequently changing pillowcases will protect against fungal and other infections.
In the cold season, synthetic materials are chosen as outerwear, because they do not come into contact with the body and are more resistant to daily wear. Natural fabric does not harm human health, but in the modern rhythm of life one cannot do without durable synthetic items. It is better to choose a quality manufacturer and follow preventive measures in caring for your clothes and your skin.
Diagnostics
If a spot appears on the skin, it is necessary to undergo a full diagnosis. It includes interviewing and examining the patient. Laboratory examinations are also carried out:
- general and biochemical blood test, urine and stool analysis;
- immunogram (Ig E, M, antinuclear antibodies, cryoglobulins);
- skin allergy tests;
- taking scrapings for cytology and histology;
- inoculation of biological material of mucus from the nasopharynx to isolate viruses and bacteria.
Instrumental diagnostic methods are important: ultrasound of internal organs, chest radiography, echocardiography.
To finally establish why skin disorders appeared, the doctor prescribes additional tests based on the preliminary diagnosis.
Treatment
The beginning of healing requires determining the nature of the disease. After an examination and history taking, the allergist will make a diagnosis, identify the course and nature of the disease, and determine the root cause of the pathology. Subsequent actions depend on the dynamics and manifestations of the pathology. Most often, a course of medications (antihistamines), creams and ointments is prescribed.
Folk remedies are also good to get rid of an allergic reaction. A decoction of chamomile, mint, tincture of bay leaf (as a lotion), and oak bark are suitable. But the alternative treatment must be correct: sometimes herbs are also allergens, and the course of therapy worsens the signs of pathology.
Methods of therapy
How to treat various spots on the skin? When a skin rash appears, you don’t need to think about how to remove unwanted external manifestations. If the skin is red, the use of any local agents is prohibited, as this leads to blurring of the clinical picture and complicates diagnosis. Therefore, only a specialist can prescribe treatment after the diagnosis has been clarified.
There are three main areas of therapy for skin lesions:
- impact on the cause of pathology;
- correction of disease symptoms;
- use of local remedies.
Etiological therapy
How to remove stains caused by infection? They will disappear on their own with proper antibiotic therapy.
Redness of the skin due to allergies requires the mandatory use of antihistamines; in advanced cases, glucocorticosteroid hormones are prescribed.
If the problem is caused by nervous overload, you need to create favorable living conditions and try to eliminate stressful situations. Any skin irritation that appears will disappear faster when taking sedatives or antidepressants.
Symptomatic impact
If skin rashes appear due to allergies, pathologies of the stomach and intestines, sorbents (Enteros-gel) are prescribed as an adjuvant. Vitamin and mineral complexes are indicated to strengthen the immune system. In case of severe intoxication, infusion therapy is performed.
Local remedies
How to remove skin spots using external preparations? Local remedies selected by your doctor depending on the cause of the lesions will help you deal with spots on the skin faster:
- to relieve inflammation - zinc ointment, tar soap, hormonal ointments (Advantan, Sinaflan);
- for viral infection - Acyclovir ointment;
- against the background of secondary infection - antibacterial ointments and sprays;
- antiseptics - Chlorhexidine.
Moisturizing and softening masks, lotions with decoctions of anti-inflammatory herbs can be used.
Tools Overview
Lipid replenishing balm with antipruritic action for face and body Lipikar Baume AP+M, La Roche-Posay
The effect of this balm can hardly be overestimated - it helps with itching, excessive dryness and irritation. The product can be used daily. Immediately after showering, apply it to slightly damp skin.
READ ALSO: Area of special attention: acne on the back and décolleté
Revitalizing body lotion Body Lotion, Kiehl's
The formula is based on organic argan oil, known for its effective moisturizing effect. The rich lotion has a light texture, is easy to apply, and in addition to moisturizing and nourishing, it gives the skin a pleasant aroma.
Consumer Reviews
Nafisa (proberry.ru)
“Today my review will be about the La Cree cream for dry skin. The brand is new to me. The cream was a pleasant surprise. First of all, it does not contain fragrances or dyes. Can be used even for children. Our skin is constantly exposed to the environment, so it needs nutrition and care. Both in cold weather and in summer heat, people with dry sensitive skin should apply nourishing and moisturizing creams. La Cree cream is perfect for this purpose. It contains licorice and violet extract, jojoba oil, shea butter, wheat germ oil. When used, it saturates the skin with healthy fats and moisturizes it. Softens and gives elasticity to the skin. Has anti-inflammatory properties. I will use this cream during the cold season.
What I liked:
La-Cri Cream for dry and sensitive skin I liked the cream because it absorbs well and softens the skin.”
Sources:
- Andropova T. V., Gudina M. V., Odintsova I. N., Hygiene of children and adolescents, Siberian State Medical University Publishing House, 2021.
- Cohen Bernard A. Pediatric dermatology, MEDpress-inform, 2015.
- Bonifazi Ernesto, Differential diagnosis in pediatric dermatology, Panfilov Publishing House, Binom. Knowledge Laboratory, 2014.
