Papillomas on and around the anus - causes, diagnosis and treatment methods

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Wart-like growths on the skin are called papillomas, and they can develop anywhere on the body. Why papillomas appear on and around the anus, why the growths are dangerous and what treatment is necessary.

Reasons for appearance

The main cause of papilloma in the anus, of course, is human infection with a viral infection. The causative agent of the disease easily enters the body through microtraumas on the skin. The transition of the papilloma virus occurs from its carrier to a healthy person. This can happen during sexual intercourse or using someone else's personal hygiene item. Papillomas that parents notice on the butts of young children often indicate infection during childbirth.

Benign neoplasms do not appear immediately after a viral infection enters the body. It may not make itself felt for a long time. The unexpected occurrence of painful rashes in the anal area will occur for one of the following reasons:

• Decreased immune system;
• Prolonged stress;
• Pregnancy;
• Exacerbation of chronic disorders;
• Cold;
• Emotional stress;
• Exposure to chemicals;
• Bad habits.

The virus is activated and causes the formation of papillomas when immunity decreases

The main reason for the formation of papillomas is a decrease in the body’s protective properties, since in this state it does not have the ability to actively resist the attack of the papillomavirus. At this point, rashes characteristic of the disease begin to appear. In medical reference books you can see photos depicting papilloma in the anus.

be careful

Be careful
The cause of papilloma localized in the rectum is infection of the patient with the human papilloma virus. Currently, there are many types of this pathogen, each of which is responsible for the development of specific manifestations. For the formation of genital warts, exposure to 6 or 11 types is required. This type of viral infection can occur in a large number of patients, which is associated with the high resistance of the pathogen.

In order for infection to occur, contact with a person who is a carrier of the human papillomavirus is necessary. In rare cases, papilloma localized on the butt can degenerate into malignant tissue.

Oncogenic types of papillomas

Symptoms

Papillomas near the anus, which are also commonly called condylomas, can hardly be called completely safe. After all, some of them may well degenerate into a malignant tumor. This probability increases several times when a problem growth in a delicate area is injured.

At the very beginning of development, the disease does not manifest itself in any way. A papilloma that appears near the anus will be almost invisible. Therefore, it will cause no discomfort.

Over time, a person will notice alarming symptoms indicating the development of benign tumors in the anus. This disease is characterized by:

1. Periodic abdominal pain;
2. constipation or diarrhea;
3. Burning and itching in the anus;
4. The appearance of blood from the anus.

Papillomas are manifested by discomfort and burning in the anus

Gradually, the patient will begin to be disturbed by the feeling that there is something in his anus. It will be accompanied by a false urge to go to the toilet and pain in the affected area.

Papillomas that have formed in the anus indicate a long process of development of the virus in the intestines. In such a delicate place, growths can be constantly damaged. And this is fraught with secondary infection for a person.

Over time, these formations can lead to cancer if measures are not taken to eliminate them.

Diagnostics

Few people enjoy visiting a proctologist. However, those who are concerned about signs and pain in the anal area characteristic of HPV should definitely seek help from a doctor of this specialization. If it is difficult for a person to overcome himself, then he should familiarize himself with the photos that depict the consequences of an advanced disease. To prevent the development of such complications, it is necessary to start treatment in a timely manner.

The doctor will not be able to be absolutely sure that his patient is bothered by papilloma in the area near the anus until he undergoes a number of necessary diagnostic methods. The following tests are required to make a diagnosis:

• Checking the anus for papillomas;
• Examination of the rectum using the sigmoidoscopy method;
• Taking a tissue or blood sample for laboratory analysis.

After the doctor receives the test results, he will be able to diagnose papillomavirus.

It is necessary to ensure that the neoplasms are benign

Kinds

Three types of neoplasms accompanying HPV are more common. Below is a brief description of each type.

1. Simple warts are round-shaped formations protruding 3-5 mm above the surface of the skin. Not painful. Localization – feet, hands. It is extremely rare to form near the anus.
2. Flat warts are oval or round-shaped formations that rise above the skin level by a maximum of 2 mm. They differ in color from the skin due to the large amount of melanin. Appear on the face, arms, legs and other parts of the body.
3. Condyloma is a pointed growth near the anus and in the genital area. The outgrowths on a thin stalk do not have clear outlines. Their surface is rough - reminiscent of cauliflower in appearance.

Every person can visually identify the variety by comparing the formation with a photo or description on the Internet. But this is not enough - to make a diagnosis and calculate the degree of risk of malignant degeneration, you need to determine the type of virus.

Varieties

Experts classify papillomas that appear near the anus by their appearance. Thus, the following types of skin growths in a child or adult are distinguished:

• Pointed. They have a very thin base. The papillomas themselves look like a ridge;
• Tumor-like. They resemble a small swollen tumor. This type of condylomas is quite rare;
• Keratotic. In appearance they may resemble dense growths with a dry surface;
• Papular. They are characterized by bumpiness and a dark tint. They are very similar to warts.

Benign growths near the anus can be single or multiple. They usually have a random arrangement. Often papillomas form around the anal ring and grow on it in large lumps.

Anal papillomas

These neoplasms are localized spots or bumpy growths of white-pink color that affect the skin of the genitals and the area inside or around the anus. In the initial stage, the disease is asymptomatic, but in later stages it is characterized by pronounced symptoms in the form of pain, itching, blood or mucous discharge. Often the patient is accompanied by an unpleasant sensation of the presence of a foreign body in the anal canal. From time to time, papillomas can become injured and become inflamed.

To avoid further pathological proliferation of skin cells and an increase in the number of growths, as well as to exclude the development of the inflammatory process, experts recommend complete removal of anal papillomas through surgery.

In modern clinical conditions, this procedure is carried out by destruction or excision. Before prescribing such a radical measure, the doctor carries out a full diagnosis, taking into account the number of papillomas, as well as their type and size. Only after this does he decide how to treat the patient.

Papillomas can appear in people of different age groups, including children. The presence of one or more formations is due to the penetration of the papilloma virus into a child’s body with weakened immunity.

The risk group includes children attending various children's institutions (nurseries, kindergartens) and public institutions (swimming pools, saunas). However, there are other ways the virus can enter – self-infection. This happens if a child does not follow the rules of hygiene, bites his nails, or unintentionally damages the skin, causing various scratches and abrasions.

If a child has papillomas in the anus, it is necessary to carefully observe the hygiene of the genital organs. Otherwise, they can cause irritation, and when scratched, the appearance of ulcers on the skin.

Treatment

When a person finds out that he has papillomas in his back hole, he begins to think about ways to treat painful growths. Doctors must immediately explain to patients that even successful therapy is not a 100% guarantee that tumors will not reappear in the same location. They offer treatments that target existing papilloma. Whether viral rashes reappear depends entirely on the lifestyle and behavior of the carrier of the infection.

Drugs

You can cure unpleasant papillomas in the anal area with the help of medications. The patient only needs to go to the pharmacy, name the required product or show a photo of its packaging in order to buy the medicine and begin therapy.

As a rule, a drug course of treatment is aimed at increasing the protective properties of the body, which is not yet able to independently suppress the activity of the papillomavirus. The medications used during therapy have an anti-inflammatory effect.

It is impossible to get rid of the virus; treatment is aimed at suppressing it and removing papillomas

It is recommended to treat growths in the anal area with the following means:

1. "Viferon";
2. "Genferon";
3. "Lykopid";
4. "Immunmax";
5. "Epigen";
6. "Allokin-alpha."

Medicines that help get rid of papillomas are presented in different pharmaceutical forms. It is most convenient to use sprays, ointments and suppositories when the anus is infected with a virus.

Folk remedies

Many patients are able to successfully treat papillomas on the anus using traditional medicine. For this diagnosis, home remedies are used, which are in the form of pastes, decoctions and tinctures. No less useful are baths, lotions and compresses. In the fight against papillomas in the anus, it is recommended to use the following natural ingredients:

• Rowan;
• Kalanchoe;
• Celandine;
• Duckweed;
• Garlic;
• Hare cabbage.

Herbal preparations based on plants, which have anti-inflammatory and healing effects, have proven themselves well. From them you can prepare products for oral administration and for treating affected areas.

Herbal infusions can be drunk or used as an external remedy.

Removal

Highly specialized specialists know how to treat viral rashes in the anus. In this case, a proctologist can choose a safe therapy. He will offer the patient painless removal of papillomas using surgical methods. They cope with this task perfectly:

1. Laser therapy;
2. Cryotherapy;
3. Electrocoagulation;
4. Chemical removal.

If necessary, the doctor will explain to the patient the principle of action and effectiveness of each modern method.

In children

Treatment of papillomas in children is carried out in the same ways as in adults. Most often, doctors suggest that young patients undergo laser removal, freezing of the growth, or surgical excision. The choice of the optimal technique directly depends on the age of the child, the condition of his skin and the presence of chronic pathologies.

What is the danger

If the formation is not removed, the risk of complications increases. Why are papillomas dangerous?

• degenerate into cancer if atypical changes develop in cells;
• become inflamed when the skin is injured or exposed to pathogenic bacteria.

The growths grow rapidly; if they are located on the anus, they stop the passage of feces. As a result, bowel movement becomes difficult and intoxication occurs. To prevent this from happening, the growths are removed.

It is difficult to predict what consequences an HPV infection will lead to; this virus is dangerous for people with reduced immunity. In case of HIV infection, infection with HPV can be fatal.

The doctor decides how to treat the virus; you should not prescribe or take medications yourself. This can harm your health.

Alternative therapy

Treatment with folk remedies will not bring the desired result; it is not as effective as traditional therapy.

How is HPV treated:

1. Burn with celandine juice. You can use fresh juice from the plant's shoots or use an alcohol-based tincture. The formations are cauterized daily.
2. Apply vinegar-based compresses to the damaged area. The procedure causes pain and can cause bleeding and infection of the growth.
3. Cauterized with iodine. As a result of exposure, discomfort occurs, which is associated with the effect on sensitive skin. Iodine cannot be used if there are metabolic disorders in the body.
4. You can use cold compresses and lotions made from herbal decoctions. To stimulate the immune system, doctors recommend drinking echinacea decoction.

Price

When interested in questions about how to get rid of viral papillomas in the anal area, patients also find out in advance the cost of various treatment options for problematic growths on the skin. If a person wants to quickly eliminate a tumor, he will have to use radical removal methods. This treatment option is considered the most expensive. For an anal condyloma excision session, you will have to pay on average from 1,000 to 8,000 rubles.

Laser removal is the most effective, but also the most expensive method

Methods for removing papillomatous neoplasms

Complete removal of condyloma formed on the anus can be achieved with the simultaneous use of medications and surgical methods. The choice of the most optimal method depends on the size of the papilloma formed on the anus, their location, as well as accompanying manifestations.

Among the most popular methods are:

Removal of tumors

• Laser destruction. The laser beam consistently acts on the cells of the formation and leads to their evaporation. Simultaneously with tissue excision, coagulation occurs, which reduces the amount of blood loss. Healing occurs in 2-3 weeks.
• Radio knife. The method refers to non-contact methods for removing condylomas. In this case, the risk of secondary infection is reduced.
• Cryodestruction. The technique involves the contact effect of liquid nitrogen on tissue. The process is associated with a gradual loss of blood flow and drying out of the papilloma. Among the disadvantages, one should highlight the long period of disappearance of the lesion, as well as the high risk of subsequent scar formation.
• Surgery. Removal of condylomas using a scalpel is highly traumatic and has a long recovery period, which requires preventive drug treatment.

Prevention

In order for the treatment to be successful and the patient to not encounter papillomavirus again for a long time, he should adhere to a number of preventive measures:

1. Do not neglect daily hygiene procedures. When washing, it is recommended to pay special attention to the genitals and anus;
2. You should avoid casual intimate relationships with unfamiliar partners. A condom should be used during sexual intercourse;
3. It is necessary to give up bad habits that have a detrimental effect on the immune system;
4. You need to monitor your own health and if you feel unwell, immediately seek medical help;
5. It is advisable to avoid strong feelings and stress.

Maintaining a healthy lifestyle helps to avoid relapse of the disease. If growths do appear, you should not try to specifically rip them off. Removing it yourself can lead to infection and complications of the disease.

Each person should listen to their own body and avoid interacting with factors that could cause harm to it. Since papillomavirus is also found in children, parents should be wary of their child’s complaints. Excessive vigilance will allow you to detect diseases at the very beginning of their development. This will help prevent further growth of papillomas on other parts of the body and prevent their degeneration into a cancerous tumor.

Routes of infection by pathology

Important!

Doctors call the most common route of transmission of infection sexually. Consequently, anal infection occurs most often as a result of sexual relations of a non-traditional nature. The infection instantly penetrates through small cracks, affecting healthy cells of the anus.

Infection can also occur in domestic conditions. People who actively visit public places, such as bathhouses, saunas and swimming pools, are most susceptible to candillomas.

There is also a risk of transmission of infection among people who have bad habits, such as picking nails and hangnails with teeth, and poor hand hygiene.