Dark spots on the skin are associated with pigmentation disorders. Causes fear in a person. They can appear suddenly on any part of the body. They also tend to disappear abruptly, for no apparent reason. Rashes rarely indicate the presence of serious illness
Such manifestations are a cosmetic defect. Oval, flat, light, dark formations may appear on the body due to age-related changes and hormonal disorders.
In medicine, this phenomenon is called hyperpigmentation. In this case, an excessive concentration of pigments occurs, which leads to an increased color of some areas of the epidermis.
In a healthy person, the skin produces the pigment malanin, carotene, and melanoid. They are responsible for skin color. Melanin is the main one, as it protects the skin from external factors.
Pigment spots on the skin occur with increased synthesis. The disorders are congenital and acquired. In addition, a change in the skin appears, which is accompanied by roughness, dryness, and wrinkles.
People with sensitive, dark skin are at risk.
Reasons for appearance
If a dark spot appears on the skin, then to eliminate it it is necessary to determine the cause of formation. A change in the color of the skin indicates a disruption in the process of its pigmentation. This may indicate the accumulation of an excess amount of melanin in the epidermis (which causes the formation of melanosis) or a disruption of metabolic processes and an increase in the number of melanocytes.
Some diseases may also be associated with the appearance of a dark spot on the skin, especially if they are chronic. Such pathological conditions and processes include:
- liver diseases,
- various dysfunctions of the endocrine system organs,
- diabetes,
- hyperhidrosis,
- tuberculosis,
- kidney diseases.
This, of course, is not the entire list of provoking factors for the formation of dark spots on the skin, and if you do not have a history of such problems, perhaps the reason lies in something else.
An alarming sign: pale skin, especially against the background of blueness under the nails
What should I do?
You should consult a nutritionist or family doctor.
Usually, the situation with anemia caused by a lack of nutrients can be easily corrected with the help of iron-based nutritional supplements, freely sold in any pharmacy
. It makes sense to increase your consumption of foods that contain significant amounts of iron (red meat, egg yolk, dark green vegetables, dried fruits, etc.). Vitamin C will promote better absorption of iron. Cook in metal containers - this can also help enrich the body with iron!
Types of dark spots
Pigmentation on the skin in the form of dark spots can be of different types. Now we will look at the most common of them.
Toxic reticular melanosis
This pathological condition occurs in individuals whose activities involve prolonged contact with:
- oil,
- resin,
- oil,
- tar,
- coal.
These products lead to poisoning of the body, which is manifested by the appearance of dark spots. In addition, there will be a violation of the general condition of the person.
Becker's nevus
This nevus should be understood as a dark-colored spot with uneven edges. Most often it is diagnosed in representatives of the stronger half of humanity aged 10 to 15 years, although it is no exception in female representatives.
These dark spots are most often localized on the legs, chest and back. A characteristic feature is that they tend to grow; their size can reach 20 cm in diameter.
As for the reasons for its appearance, they have not been fully studied. Scientists are inclined to believe that their appearance is associated with hormonal changes in the male body.
Arsenic melanosis
The formation of this pathological condition is associated with taking medications that are made on the basis of arsenic, this can be:
- Novareslon,
- Miarsenol,
- Osarol.
Similar gray spots on the skin can also form in those people whose professional activities involve contact with arsenic.
Dubreuil's melanosis
Black spots on the skin of a person of this type are classified as precancerous conditions; they are characterized by the absence of a regular shape and raised above the surface of the epidermis. At the initial stages they are small in size, but over time they increase in size, change color and reach 10 cm in diameter.
These dark spots are most often localized on the back; their surface can be rough and covered with papular elements, which causes itching. If a dark spot on your back itches, you should definitely consult a doctor, because this may indicate cancer.
Acanthosis nigricans
This disease is rarely diagnosed; it can have both a malignant and benign course. The main characteristic feature is black spots on the skin. Favorite localizations are:
- folds between the neck and back of the head,
- areas under the mammary glands,
- intergluteal area,
- popliteal cavities,
- armpits,
- groin area.
Rapid progression of spots indicates that the disease is malignant. Most often this process can lead to:
- dysfunction of the thyroid gland,
- use of hormonal drugs,
- oncological diseases,
- heredity.
Urticaria pigmentosa
This pathological condition is most often diagnosed in childhood and is characterized by the appearance of dark red spots on the body. Over time, they take on the appearance of bubbles and are filled with exudate, in some cases blood. After opening, brown spots remain on the body, which disappear without outside help during puberty.
If the disease is diagnosed in adults, it has an unfavorable course and can cause disability or death.
As for the reasons that lead to black spots appearing on the body, they have not been fully elucidated, but scientists are inclined to think that pigmentation is formed as a result of:
- the negative impact of prolonged emotional and stressful situations,
- immune defense disorders,
- climate change,
- inflammatory processes in the body caused by infection.
Lentigo
This condition is characterized by the appearance of dark spots on the neck, arms, back and legs, their size does not exceed a few centimeters, and their appearance resembles moles.
Pigmentation can degenerate into melanoma, this usually happens due to frequent trauma.
Dark, dry patches on the skin appear more often as a result of:
- decreased immunity,
- influence of papillomavirus,
- AIDS,
- sunburn,
- hormonal imbalances,
- prolonged exposure to direct sunlight.
The formation of spots is observed, which have clear boundaries and a uniform color. Dark dry patches on the skin can be localized on any part of the human body.
Research data indicates that these spots appear as a result of individual characteristics of a person.
Treatment
It should be noted that treatment will only be effective if it is aimed at eliminating the underlying disease. In order for the skin to become a healthy color, it is necessary to normalize blood circulation.
Treatment should be carried out exclusively by a doctor; his specialty is determined based on the diagnosis. It is also useful to pay attention to your diet; you should only eat food that is rich in beneficial vitamins and substances. Drinking alcohol is not recommended, the same goes for smoking.
In some cases, you can use traditional medicine, but only after consulting your doctor. There are also traditional methods that allow you to get rid of blue spots - this is laser exposure. The duration of the procedure is no more than ten minutes, no pain is felt during it.
Remember that any disease is easier to cure if it is detected at an early stage of development. That is why, as soon as you notice suspicious symptoms, you need to visit a qualified specialist.
All medications prescribed by your doctor must be taken on time. It is useful to take relaxing baths and perform physical therapy. Once again, it is worth noting that you should never abuse bad habits.
If you follow all the doctor’s recommendations and do not self-medicate without consulting a doctor, you can easily overcome the disease without severe health consequences.
Gray-blue spots
There are many cases when blue spots appear on a person’s body, which in appearance resemble a bruise, but the reason for their appearance is far from a blow (that is, it is not known). So the formation of this pathological condition can lead to:
- Nevus Ota. It is characterized by the appearance of a black-blue spot on the body. Favorite areas for its localization are the cheeks, upper jaw and eyelids.
- Nevus Ichta. The clinical picture is almost identical to the previous case, the only difference is that dark spots appear on the skin of the arms, shoulder blades, adjacent parts of the body and the subclavian region.
- Mongolian spot. Blue spots are diagnosed on the legs, arms and other parts of the body; over time they become discolored and disappear.
Dark spots on the lower extremities
Black spots on the legs can appear for various reasons; they can indicate illness (for example, spots form on the skin due to intestinal diseases) or indicate an allergic reaction to depilatory products or shower gels.
With this phenomenon, the body can warn a person about problems with veins and blood vessels, especially if purple spots appear on the skin of the lower extremities.
Dark spots on the buttocks may be evidence of a person's sedentary work, an allergic reaction to the synthetics from which underwear or cosmetics are made.
Dark spots on the skin between the legs may appear due to wearing uncomfortable clothes or using inappropriate cosmetics. Age-related changes also play an important role. They appear very often, and all this happens because it is in these areas that the skin is very sensitive. We will now try to figure out how to get rid of dark spots between the legs and on other parts of the body.
The first stage is preparing the body for cleansing
Pores open under the influence of high temperature, for this you can simply soak in the bath or go to the sauna. In the sauna, under the influence of steam, the pores are maximally open, which will effectively remove all accumulated dirt.
After exfoliating all unnecessary dead cells, the epidermis needs to resume work, establish sebum secretion and start the regeneration process. Body masks will help in this difficult process. The simplest is considered a mask made of clay (blue, white, black or red). Dilute the clay with water and apply a thin layer to the back, shoulders and forearms, let dry. Rinse off first with warm water and then with cool water to tighten the pores.
You can also prepare a mask from egg whites with lemon juice. This mask perfectly tones the skin, smoothes the color and whitens it a little. An effective means for cleansing and toning is essential oil (tea tree) or aloe juice.
Stop hiding the charming lines of your back, just a few recipes will help you get rid of pimples, blackheads and acne.
