How to remove blackheads on the skin: effective methods for treating comedones

The problem of acne is considered a common problem. These could be blackheads or comedones on the face. They are hardly noticeable on the face and look like flesh-colored bumps. Representatives of oily skin are predisposed to the appearance of comedones, because blockage of the sebaceous glands occurs more often. Usually, open comedones arise from closed comedones. The closed type of comedones is practically invisible, but this disease belongs to severe forms of acne.

Reasons for the formation of comedones on the face

The main reason for its appearance is the accumulation of sebum. Pores become clogged and inflammation occurs under the skin. Toxins that are supposed to be eliminated by the pores interact with sebum. As a result, a dense mass is formed. Factors causing comedones include:

1. Illiterate care. Especially if you have oily and combination skin. Care should be carried out daily to prevent clogged pores. Before going to bed, you need to cleanse your skin of toxins, dirt, dust, and cosmetics;
2. The tendency to comedones is often hereditary. Comedones on the face can be transmitted genetically. For example, if your parents have progressed to this disease, then you have a high probability that it will too;
3. Overactivity of the sebaceous glands. A similar manifestation, such as excessive production of sebum, creates the conditions for the occurrence of a sebaceous plug. Pustules appear - pimples with pus and blackheads;
4. Hormonal background. As a result of hormonal imbalances in the body, when testosterone levels are elevated, closed comedones are formed. After the hormonal levels are restored, the disease goes away on its own;
5. Stress. All worries are reflected on the skin. Moreover, when you are regularly nervous, then you definitely have no time for skin care. Avoid regularly touching your skin with your hands and unknowingly picking at pimples. For this reason, before treating comedones, you need to take a course of sedatives.

Also, acne and comedones occur against the background of protracted illnesses. These diseases include problems with the endocrine system and digestive organs. With such diseases, you need to monitor your health and undergo periodic treatment. When you properly care for your skin and avoid nervous strain, your skin will gradually recover.

To exclude the cause of comedones as hormonal changes, it is necessary to periodically check their levels in the clinic. When comedones begin to appear on your face, you need to consult a dermatologist, who will prescribe the necessary tests and then prescribe a course of treatment.

Reasons for appearance

Blackheads on the face are most often open comedones. They appear due to blockage of the sebaceous gland with dead skin particles and excess subcutaneous fat. If the mouth of the duct is closed, then a subcutaneous closed comedon is formed. When the top is open, exposed to air and melanin, the edge darkens and forms a blackhead on the face.

Important. It is impossible to wash off such a mark, since only a small part is on top. The main one is located deep in the pore; to clean it, it is necessary to take more radical measures.

There are several reasons for the appearance of comedones. The most common:

• Excessive secretion of subcutaneous fat as a physiological feature of the body. This condition is more common in people with oily or combination skin. Women produce more oil, so blackheads (comedones) are more common. With age, the skin becomes drier and the problem loses its relevance.
• Insufficient consumption of vitamins A and E and improper care lead to impaired skin regeneration and deterioration of the ducts.
• Progesterone and androgens help increase the production of subcutaneous sebum. This explains the peak incidence during puberty.

To get rid of blackheads, various masks and scrubs based on available components are most often used.

• However, sometimes blackheads occur in adults or older people. More often than not, this is due to poor hygiene. They often form in places rubbed by parts of linen or other clothing.
• Imbalance in diet, excessive consumption of fried, salty and fatty foods can lead to skin problems.
• Various nervous disorders can provoke increased production of subcutaneous fat and the appearance of comedones.

Remember. Before treating blackheads, it is necessary to consider the possible causes of the appearance and try to remove them. Only an integrated approach will be effective.

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Classification of comedones

We need to understand the question of what types of comedones there are. The further course of treatment depends on this.

Closed comedones

These are not very large tubercles of flesh or white color. They are not noticeable at all and can be felt to the touch. Closed comedones in some cases can only be identified by stretching the skin.

As a result of inflammation and infection, comedones form a depression filled with pus. Since the sebaceous plug is located under the skin, its contents do not have direct access to the outside, so the infection can spread inside. Comedones are localized in the forehead, nose and chin.

Open comedones

Dead cells and dust accumulate in the follicles. They, like a cork, close the hair follicle. In the area where it emerges, oxidation of its upper cover occurs with oxygen. As a result, it takes on the appearance of a black dot. This option is considered a less aggressive type. Blackheads form in areas of high sebum production or in the T-area (forehead, nose, chin). The main conditions leading to the formation of open comedones are:

• abuse of cosmetics (with a large amount of mercury);
• irregular washing;
• poor nutrition;
• stress;
• unfavorable environmental circumstances.

The most effective method of treatment is regular deep cleaning of pores.

Salon removal methods

How to get rid of comedones on the face? Mechanical cleaning of comedones is effective, but is an outdated method of removing sebaceous plugs. This method is used as a last resort when there are contraindications to all other treatment options. Before the procedure, the skin is first steamed, and then they begin directly to remove comedones using tools.

Tools:

• Spoon Uno. Using one or several holes made in an iron spoon, single pimples are removed;
• Vidal loop. When a deep comedone is placed in the center of the loop. As a result of pressure on the skin, it will appear on the outside;
• A Vidal needle is necessary for puncturing comedones.

Ultrasonic cleaning

This method refers to hardware cleaning. This is not a deep physical peeling, which guarantees the separation of dead skin under the influence of ultrasonic waves. When the skin is prone to oiliness, you can use a couple of procedures at once. This is ultrasound and mechanical cleansing of the skin.

Vacuum cleaning

This option refers to a less traumatic removal of comedones. Thanks to the vacuum, sebaceous plugs are sucked out of the steamed pores. The advantage of this technique is cleaning hard-to-reach areas. The device looks like a tube with a cavity inside. By reducing the pressure, the device can absorb small blackheads.

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Laser cleaning

Laser therapy provides excellent results after one session. Complete renewal of the skin leads to the activation of metabolic processes, blood circulation and the work of the sebaceous glands are resumed.

Chemical peeling

This option involves the use of chemicals. Exfoliation helps clean the top layer of skin. The cosmetologist uses products that dissolve and exfoliate skin cells - acids, alkalis.

Vaporization

This method sprays liquid under pressure. The innovative device enriches the skin with oxygen.

Vaporization can be warm or cold. In option 1, hot steam is used. In the second case, they use the option of treating the skin with streams of cool steam. One and the second option can be used together. The essence of the operation is the alternate use of steam at low and high temperatures.

Removing comedones with medications

Salicylic acid

The acid has the following functions:

• drying effect;
• antiseptic effect;
• restoration of sebum production functions.

Baziron

The product disinfects. Contains benzoyl peroxide. The medicine restores sebum production. Use this remedy up to 2 times a day. When using for the first time, you need to anoint the comedones. Treatment lasts no more than a month.

Zenerite

The product contains the antibiotic erythromycin and zinc acetate. The medicine eliminates inflammation. The course of treatment is 14 days.

Ichthyol ointment

If we compare this ointment with other medicines, then ichthyol ointment does not resolve sebaceous plugs. Its influence is focused on bringing purulent contents to the top. The product is applied before bed, and in the morning you can use a cotton swab to remove pus from the surface of the skin.

Tar soap

One of the best natural remedies for acne. The soap contains natural and medicinal birch tar. Sebaceous plugs and pimples disappear, and the pores narrow.

Traditional methods

How to treat closed comedones on the face? Open ones are much easier to cure. And treatment of the closed version of formations takes much longer and is complex. Since the closed sebaceous plugs remain inside, they become very inflamed under the skin. The main advice from cosmetologists when treating closed forms of comedones is to remember to wash off cosmetics every day and, if possible, get rid of decorative cosmetics altogether.

Use it less and, as a treatment, prepare masks at home to cleanse the pores. There are a huge number of recipes today. Let's look at the most effective recipes that you can prepare at home:

• Cucumber, carrot and zucchini mask.

Vegetables are grated on a fine grater. After this, you can add a little olive oil to the mixture. Mix the composition and apply to the skin.

Rinse off the product after 20 minutes;

• Protein mask

You need to take one protein and beat it until foam forms. Then add sugar (tbsp) and beat again. Divide the mass into two equal parts. Apply half of the product to the skin and leave until dry.

Apply 2 half and spread over the face using patting movements.

Wait until everything dries. After time, rinse with water. Apply moisturizer;

• Clay based mask. To prepare, you will need blue or white clay in quantities of up to 2 tbsp. You can also add 2 drops of tea tree oil and water. For the mask you need to use only boiled, cooled water. When the skin is dry, you can add half a teaspoon of olive oil to the mask;
• Rice mask. To prepare the remedy you need to take 50 grams of rice and add cool water. The cereal should stand in the water all night. You can use the product in the morning, since the rice has already swollen enough and become soft. Take the rice and mash it until it becomes a paste so that you can apply it to the skin. Apply the product with massage movements and hold for no more than a quarter of an hour. Don't wait until the rice starts to dry out too much. After holding the mask for 25 minutes, you need to wash it off and wipe the skin with lotion. Next, the final step will be to use a cream with a moisturizing effect. Rice is used as a natural absorbent component. Soda mask. For preparation you will need only 4 grams of soda and salt. Mix the ingredients and add a couple of drops of water. It can then be applied to the skin;
• Salt. Take a glass of boiled water and add to it a piece of antibacterial soap plus fine salt (tbsp). Apply the product using a cotton pad. Dip cotton wool into the solution and rub gently into the skin. The procedure should last no more than three minutes. This method must be used carefully to avoid injury to the skin;
• Tomatoes. For the remedy you need to take only 2 fresh tomatoes. Juice is squeezed out of vegetables and used to wipe the skin of the face. You can wipe the skin with the squeezed juice. Hold the product for no more than five minutes.

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Removing comedones on the face should be comprehensive. First, you need to identify the root cause of their occurrence and cure them, and then fight cosmetic skin problems. Medicines for removing comedones are aimed at reducing the activity of the sebaceous glands and preventing acne.

Among the best medicines are:

1. Zerkalin ointment is an antibiotic agent. Helps eliminate acne, especially fights comedones. Manufacturer Croatia;
2. Roaccutane. The product is produced in the form of capsules - a drug aimed at suppressing the formation of sebaceous plugs. Made in Switzerland;
3. Zincteral tablets catalyze metabolic processes. Made in Poland;
4. Holy Land Series. Manufactures substances in the form of ointments, lotions, masks for the treatment of problem skin. Substances made in Israel.

Medicines can also cause adverse reactions in the body, so before taking them you should first consult with a cosmetologist. The doctor may also prescribe other medications.

Treatment

Treatment of blackheads consists of three main stages:

1. Pore ​​cleansing.
2. Disinfection of the skin to prevent infection.
3. Narrowing of the orifice to prevent relapse.

Correct implementation of all points will help cleanse and restore the skin. Mistakes can cause subcutaneous infection and scarring on the face.

Facial cleansing is the use of various methods to get rid of decay products and subcutaneous fat. Before squeezing out the blackhead, the skin must be steamed. For this purpose, decoctions of chamomile, sage or calendula are used. You can do this at home by bending over a bowl of broth or covering your face with a warm napkin dipped in liquid.

During the procedure, do not lean too close to the water. You can get burned by steam.

It is effective to carry out cleansing procedures after steaming in a bath or sauna.

Important. People who have problems with blood vessels should not steam their faces. Heat exposure contributes to the appearance of spider veins and other disorders.

You can steam your face for no more than 15 minutes. After this procedure, comedones are easily squeezed out.

You need to squeeze out blackheads on your face with perfectly clean hands, having previously treated them with an alcohol-based product. To avoid severe damage to the skin, it is advisable to place a sterile napkin under your fingertips. Only easily removable blackheads can be removed.

Instead of squeezing, you can use a special cleaning patch. It is a strip impregnated with medications that help drain the contents of the pore and disinfect it. There are various brands of plasters. Their price is not very high.

The patch has a comfortable shape and fits well on the face.

Detailed instructions are included with the package. You need to stick the patch on the blackheads on the nose, and after a while remove it together with the blockage products.

Important. You can remove blackheads on your face no more than once a week. More frequent treatment of comedones is fraught with enlargement of pores and disruption of the water balance of the skin.

After cleaning, it is necessary to treat all problem areas with a disinfectant. To do this, you can use a solution of salicylic acid or calendula tincture, tonic or lotion.

Enlarged pores need to be narrowed. Masks based on egg whites work well:

1. Mix protein with 2 tbsp. l. Sahara. Apply the mixture to your face, after drying, rinse with cool water.
2. Add 2 tsp to the protein. aloe juice and 2 tsp. lemon juice. Apply half of the mask to your face. After drying, apply the second part, and after 15 minutes. rinse with cool water.

Protein-based masks are suitable for all skin types

Rubbing your face with an ice cube helps tighten pores. It is useful to make it based on a decoction of medicinal herbs.

It is better to carry out cleansing procedures at night. The skin should rest and recover without any impact on it.

Important. If, after removing blackheads, the treatment sites become inflamed and there is pain, urgent help from a dermatologist is needed.

A mixture of liquid glycerin and a small amount of lemon juice effectively disinfects and moisturizes the skin.

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Prevention

To prevent the massive appearance of comedones, you need to follow the recommendations:

• Cleanse in the morning and before bed;
• wash off makeup before going to bed;
• prepare masks once a week;
• periodically steam your face, especially before using cleansers;
• For dry skin, use moisturizer;
• For oily and combination skin, use appropriate products as prescribed by your doctor, which will normalize sebum production.

The recommendations are easy to follow. And by following skin care tips, you will get healthy and clear skin. When comedones appear on the face, you must immediately begin to treat them. Remember that it is strictly forbidden to squeeze your own acne. This can trigger the progression of the inflammatory process. When there is a need to remove comedones, perform all procedures in a clinic, cosmetology center, or salon.

Is it possible to squeeze out blackheads?

Normally, the sebaceous glands produce sebum (sebum) constantly, but in relatively small quantities. It is released freely through the pores, maintaining the protective layer of the skin. But sometimes these “exits” can become clogged, causing fatty secretions to accumulate - a dark plug is formed. Doctors call this phenomenon open comedones, although they are known as blackheads. Compared to normal sebum, they are denser, and when neglected they also significantly spoil the appearance.

Do not confuse blackheads with the so-called sebaceous ducts - they can also stand out on the face, but this is not a problem, and genetics - it is pointless to fight “visible pores”

It is not surprising that many people have an irresistible desire to squeeze out the “infection”. But not everyone equally supports the idea that such a procedure is harmless. Of course, pores need to remove excess sebum, but even gentle squeezing can injure the skin. Or damage blood vessels, which is much more dangerous. And yet, no one excludes the situation when ordinary exfoliating procedures are powerless - then mechanical cleansing of the face is indispensable. But this must be done not only correctly, but also as carefully as possible. It’s better to make an appointment with a good cosmetologist with experience and medical education.

Skin care products and cosmetics must match your skin type, otherwise they may be one of the reasons for clogged pores

Although squeezing does not solve the problem of blackheads. And you need to treat cleaning as a purely cosmetic procedure that temporarily improves your appearance. To really get your skin in order, you will need to reconsider your diet and lifestyle. And if everything is fine with digestion, consult a dermatologist and endocrinologist. After all, black dots may indicate seborrhea (increased sebum secretion), the development of acne or hormonal imbalance.

Contraindications and possible consequences

Black dots are not squeezed out if:

• dermatological diseases, including acne;
• rosacea or weak blood vessels;
• thin sensitive skin;
• serious pathologies of the cardiovascular system.

The nasolabial triangle is also called the death zone - this area of ​​the face contains important vessels for the body, damage to which can lead to blood poisoning, meningitis, blood clots and, accordingly, death

If you are sick, the procedure should be postponed. In addition, for a woman, mechanical facial cleansing is most painful 2–4 days before and during menstruation. And keep in mind that failure to comply with sanitary standards and carelessness leads to unpleasant consequences:

• damage to soft tissues and blood vessels of the face;
• temporary redness;
• bruises;
• swelling;
• enlarged pores;
• scars, scars;
• worsening the problem;
• development of acne, acne;
• blood poisoning when the contents of the comedones enter the vessel;
• circulatory disorders, up to necrosis (tissue death).

When is squeezing out comedones possible?

People with problematic facial skin usually suffer from blackheads. In this case, you need to be able to distinguish open comedones from sebaceous ducts. The latter look like “dots”, but are normal. Everyone has them. The main difference is that the contents of the ducts, when squeezed out, resemble a thin thread - unlike comedones, there is no need to get rid of them.

To reduce the number of blackheads and improve skin quality, regularly cleanse your face with scrubs, gommages or peels.

Facial cleansing in a cosmetology clinic

If you still decide to squeeze out blackheads, a cosmetology clinic is the best option. It is better to avoid dubious salons and home specialists, since improper cleaning is fraught with scars and inflammation. Before prescribing the procedure, the doctor must determine the client’s skin condition and assess the feasibility of the procedure. If you are promised a perfectly smooth and clean face, this is an advertisement. The proposal to undergo a course of several procedures with a short interval should also raise red flags.

The advantage of a cosmetologist is not only in experience - he can combine facial cleansing with other procedures (peeling, Darsonval) and the application of professional masks

Cosmetology removes blackheads using:

• vacuum cleaning - blackheads are pulled out of the pores using a vacuum device;
• mechanical cleaning - a traditional method that involves squeezing out comedones with your fingers or special tools;
• ultrasonic cleaning - the device cleans pores using ultrasonic waves and a spatula; the procedure is less effective, but one of the safest;
• vaporization - the pores are expanded by treating with steam with the addition of ozone.

Facial cleansing at home

Squeezing out pimples on your own is justified only by the desire to save money and the lack of a cosmetologist nearby. And, of course, most often people prefer to just take and squeeze out the comedone. But we must, at a minimum, not forget about the general rules of sanitation. The less brave can try to remove blackheads using other available methods:

• stripes and patches against blackheads;
• homemade clay masks;
• care products with fruit acids;
• scrubs.

If you can’t control the desire to squeeze out comedones yourself, purchase a special set - 1 “loop” costs about 50–100 rubles, besides, the tools are considered safer compared to nails

Squeeze out blackheads without harming yourself - basic rules

To squeeze out blackheads, they use their own fingers and special tools. They are simple and, unlike natural nails, cause less damage to the skin:

• Uno spoon - the most popular, is a miniature spoon with one or more holes;
• loop - a metal loop attached to a stick, at the opposite end there is a needle for piercing comedones.

There is practically no difference between salon and self-cleansing of the face. Apart from the experience of a cosmetologist and professional products, the sequence of actions is identical:

1. Makeup remover Makeup is removed with micellar water or milk, and then washed. If your skin is not particularly sensitive, use a gentle scrub or peeling. In this case, the entire face is cleansed, regardless of the problem area.
2. Pore ​​expansion. For effective cleaning, they must be as open as possible. You can steam your skin with a traditional steam bath or use a special gel - Lioele Pore Opening Massage Gel, Hydration Gel or others.
3. Disinfection. Wash your hands thoroughly and disinfect your tools. If squeezing is done with your fingers, you should purchase sterile gloves in advance. Hydrogen peroxide or chlorhexidine is suitable as an antiseptic; they wipe their hands and facial skin with it immediately before the procedure.
4. Cleaning. Blackheads are removed by applying gentle pressure with your fingertips. When working with a spoon or loop, the dots should be in the center of the holes. It's best to start with the area around the lips and chin. If you don’t succeed in getting rid of the contents of the pore the first time, move on to another one, and leave the “problematic” one for later. At the end, the face is wiped with an antiseptic again.
5. Narrowing of pores. It is advisable to apply a soothing mask according to your skin type. Alginate or self-prepared compositions with chamomile are suitable for these purposes. And to consolidate the effect, wipe your face with a piece of ice or a pore-tightening lotion (La Roche-Posay EFFACLAR, LITALINE, etc.).

Do not squeeze out blackheads “just with your hands” - if you don’t have gloves, wrap your fingers in sterile gauze or a napkin

After squeezing out blackheads and pimples, the skin will need rest. Recovery takes about 2–5 days, during which you should refuse or limit the use of cosmetics as much as possible. Solariums, swimming pools, saunas and intense physical activity are temporarily prohibited.

To keep your skin clear longer, try to follow a few simple tips:

• care and cosmetic products must match your skin type;
• at least partially limit the consumption of sweet, salty, fried and fatty foods;
• Wash your face daily (morning and evening);
• once a week use a scrub, gommage or light peeling;
• Do not get carried away with alcohol-containing and pigment-containing products - they dry out, which only increases sebum secretion.