Vascular spots on the skin often cause problems with the vascular or circulatory system. The skin is one of the largest organs in the human body, and it is covered with many capillaries that supply the blood with nutrients and oxygen. Problems with blood flow or the amount of oxygen in the blood can trigger certain skin conditions. Understanding some of these conditions and their causes can help identify potential problems and determine appropriate treatment.
Why did vascular spots appear on the skin?
There can be many reasons for the appearance of vascular spots on the skin. Below is a list of the most popular ones:
1 Angiomas . This is a general skin vascular condition caused by the strong growth of blood vessels in the layers of the skin. They are often called spider veins. Angiomas are created by the overdevelopment of cells that build blood vessels. Cherry angiomas appear as dark red or purple round spots often found on the abdomen.
2 Buerger's disease . This disease is believed to be caused by smoking. Buerger's disease is a condition caused by poor oxygenation in blood cells, which leads to the formation of tiny clots. Clots formed by this condition are usually found in the small arteries of the arms and legs.
3 Vascular birthmarks . Moles are commonly found in infants and can appear in a variety of colors, from pink to brown to blue. Moles can appear anywhere on the body. It occurs as a result of a large formation of blood vessels within the skin, which creates a dark area the size of a pencil eraser to a piece of A4 paper.
4 Rosacea . Rosacea is a relatively common problem of vascular spots on the skin, which mainly affects people with fair skin and blue eyes.
5 Stasis dermatitis. This is a condition caused by insufficient circulation of deoxygenated blood to the heart, causing a rash on the lower extremities. In such cases, it occurs mainly on the inner part of the leg, while the outer part remains clear. The rash usually presents as swelling or ulcers.
What are the reasons?
Capillaries on the face often burst in children and adults, which is not always a reason to panic. Sometimes the source of a cosmetic defect is external factors, after which the problem disappears on its own. There are factors influencing damaged blood vessels:
- Heredity. The capillary network is often discovered by people who genetically have weak choroid plexuses. For this reason, rosacea is often a concern in older people.
- Hormonal imbalance. Broken capillaries on the face can appear during pregnancy or during menopause.
- Alcohol and nicotine abuse. With existing bad habits, blood vessels quickly wear out, lose elasticity and burst.
- Stress and depression. Disturbances in the nervous system lead to jumps in blood pressure.
- Unbalanced diet. Excessive consumption of hot sauces, pickled foods and other unhealthy dishes leads to a decrease in the elastic properties of blood vessels.
- Exposure to ultraviolet rays. Frequent exposure to open sun negatively affects the growth of cells located in the inner part of the blood vessels. This leads to their expansion and damage to the capillaries located close to the face.
- Excessive physical exertion during work or sports activities.
- Visit to a beauty salon. People who regularly visit tanning salons and undergo chemical peeling are much more likely to have broken capillaries.
A person can prevent many causes of rosacea on his own by simply adjusting his lifestyle.
Red vascular spot on the leg
The cause of vascular spots on the legs can be a skin condition such as purpura. It occurs when blood vessels burst and leak blood under the skin, causing blemishes.
In children, purpura usually resolves without treatment, while in adults it can be chronic. In addition, purpura can be a sign of a more serious condition, such as a malfunction in the blood clotting system, infection, or even rubella.
Spots with this skin condition take on a purple color. They can even be located on organs or mucous membranes, including the membranes on the inside of the mouth. Their size can be completely different: from small dots to large spots. Such spots are usually benign.
Other cosmetic procedures
There are other techniques that eliminate the effects of rosacea just as successfully and painlessly:
- Photorejuvenation allows you not only to get rid of skin defects, including capillaries, but also to ensure the restoration of normal elasticity and skin tone after the procedure. The procedure is performed using high-intensity light pulses.
- Ozone therapy involves exposing the capillaries to medical ozone, which is injected using a very thin needle. The advantage of this method is the complete absence of scars with minimal pain.
Regardless of how the capillaries on the face are removed using cosmetic procedures, they do not affect the immediate cause of the disease, and over time the capillary network may appear again, which is why after remission the prevention of rosacea is so important.
Vascular spots on the arm
The cause of the appearance of vascular spots on the hands can be ordinary hemangiomas. They occur as a result of dilation of blood vessels under the skin. They take on a flat shape and a red color. Basically, many children are already born with them. As the baby grows, the spot grows with him. Such spots do not require special treatment.
Remember, if the spot bothers you greatly, hurts or itches, you should consult a dermatologist.
Red dots on the skin - what are they? If they appear, should you worry? It all depends on the origin of the spots. In some cases, these are benign formations that do not pose a threat to health. In others, it is a sign of a disease, perhaps a very serious one. Rashes can be triggered by: stress, allergies, infection, mechanical damage, insect bites and other factors. Let's look at what red dots are and why they form.
Taboo with rosacea
Sometimes treatment takes a lot of time and money, but does not bring any effect, simply because a person leads a lifestyle that provokes the dilation of blood vessels on the face. If you have rosacea, you need to take care of your skin, protect it from various unfavorable factors, give up bad habits, adjust your diet, work and rest schedule. What to do first:
- refuse the steam room or sharply reduce its visits, the same applies to sun tanning and solarium;
- steaming the face before cleansing with rosacea is prohibited;
- skiing and sailing are undesirable sports for dilated facial vessels;
- smoking provokes rosacea, nicotine and tar are destructive to capillaries, they become fragile and brittle;
- alcohol aggravates the problem because further dilates the blood vessels on the face;
- try to be less nervous, avoid flushing of the face in stressful situations;
- enrich your food with vitamins, avoid hot sauces and fried foods;
- Take additional vitamin supplements in courses.
It is better to purchase foundation with green pigment. It is able to disguise red burst blood vessels. However, do not forget that this is only a means of disguise. And the problem of rosacea itself requires treatment.
Angiomas
If small red dots similar to moles appear on the body, these may be simple (capillary) angiomas. They are benign tumors of overgrown capillaries, arterial and venous small vessels. They are also called hemangiomas. Arterial angiomas have a bright red color, while venous angiomas have a bluish-purple hue.
Simple angioma
Hemangiomas can be single or multiple. Diagnosis of a vascular formation is simple: when pressed, it turns pale, when released, it fills with blood again, returning its color. Capillary angioma can be flat, slightly convex, or lumpy.
Such formations often occur in newborns, especially girls. Usually, by 6-7 years they disappear. Separately, senile angiomas are distinguished. They begin to appear in men and women after the age of 20, increasing in number as they get older. By the age of 60-70, the skin can become covered with many angiomas - the so-called red moles.
Senile angioma
If the education does not cause discomfort, there is no need to worry. If there is a risk of injury, it is better to remove the angioma in a cosmetic clinic. In some cases, a benign tumor can develop into a malignant one. Although there is no need to panic, if the angioma grows rapidly and increases in size, it is not recommended to postpone a visit to the doctor.
What is rosacea
Cuperosis is a disorder of blood circulation in the upper layer of the skin (epidermis). The appearance of redness, vascular network and stars is caused by stagnation in the capillaries. Blood systematically puts stress on the walls of small vessels, the elasticity of which decreases, and they become thinner, becoming fragile and brittle. Most often, those with light and hypersensitive skin suffer from redness of the skin and the appearance of a network of broken blood vessels.
If red capillaries become noticeable on your face, the first thing you should do is visit a doctor. The specialist will conduct a diagnosis and objectively evaluate why the capillaries began to burst and why spider veins appeared on the skin. Then effective medications for rosacea will be prescribed, special skin care will be recommended, and hardware treatment may be required.
Red dots for liver diseases
Pinpoint rashes can signal serious liver problems. In these cases, two types of elements are distinguished:
- Hepatic spider veins.
- Hepatic purpura.
Spider veins look like red dots with branches resembling spider legs (see photo below). As a rule, the stars are located in large clusters in the back or abdomen. The spots have a slight convexity. The diameter of each individual element is up to 1 mm, but when combined into a group, the stars cover a large part of the body.
Liver stars
Hepatic purpura is petechiae or capillary effusions of blood. Their size varies from small red dots to large, palm-sized, pulsating spots called ecchymoses. Purpura is often accompanied by uterine and nasal bleeding.
Hepatic purpura
Rashes of this kind, especially large ones, are observed with viral hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver. To get rid of red dots, it is necessary to treat the underlying disease.
Multiple red dots in viral and autoimmune diseases
Some diseases are accompanied by multiple skin rashes. Small red dots may appear in adults and children with pathologies such as:
- Allergic dermatitis is the body's reaction to allergens. Most often, the rash affects the skin on the head, face, arms and chest. Patients experience severe itching, swelling and peeling of the skin can be observed.
Manifestations of allergic dermatitis
- Follicular keratosis . It often occurs in boys and girls during puberty, as well as in pregnant women. Red rashes form in the area of the hair follicles. This phenomenon is popularly called “crow’s feet.” Another name for the disease is lichen pilaris. Most often, the rash is localized on the stomach, back and arms, less often on the face. Keratosis pilaris is not dangerous to others and is considered more as a cosmetic defect. The pathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood. Doctors suggest that the predisposition to keratosis is inherited.
Red dots on the skin due to keratosis pilaris
- Rosacea . Small red dots cover the face, neck and chest area. Over time, the rash may increase in size. The disease is accompanied by hyperemia, peeling and swelling of the skin in the affected areas.
Rosacea on the face
- Rubella . This viral disease appears as a red, dotted rash. Sometimes there is muscle weakness, headaches and slight itching. The rashes are most often localized on the back, arms, legs, and buttocks. Rubella is transmitted by airborne droplets, the incubation period lasts 10-20 days.
What is not recommended to do
Although the reasons for the appearance of capillaries on the face may be different, during treatment and during the period of remission it is necessary to adhere to the following recommendations that will help prevent relapse of rosacea:
- quit smoking and alcohol abuse,
- try to eliminate any stressful situations,
- do not eat hot, spicy, fatty foods,
- avoid sudden and frequent temperature changes,
- do not use harsh types of facial massage,
- do not use fruit and steam masks, especially when it gets warmer,
- exclude the use of scrubs with coarse particles,
- do not use alcohol-based cosmetics,
- Avoid using cosmetics containing honey or other bee products.
Diagnostics
A preliminary diagnosis is announced by a doctor after a visual examination and palpation of the affected areas. To confirm the disease, laboratory and instrumental research methods are used. The list of standard tests includes studying the composition of blood and urine. The formation of red dots may be due to a low platelet count or a high white blood cell count.
Instrumental methods include electrocardiography, radiography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance and computed tomography. A comprehensive examination helps determine the cause of the pathology, prescribe timely treatment and avoid serious complications.
Flawless, smooth skin is a rarity, an almost unattainable ideal for modern people. Under these conditions, the presence of small scars, moles, and spots is usually not considered a pathology, although they can often cause serious psychological discomfort.
At the same time, some types of spots on the skin can be manifestations of diseases , signs of infection, an allergic reaction and other problems in the body. Typically, such changes in the skin are the initial stage of the appearance of a rash.
Therefore, if you find an unusual spot, a combination of them, or if the old spot has visually changed, you should think about visiting a doctor to determine the cause of the incident and, if necessary, receive treatment.
Main types of skin spots
In the most general form, spots are areas that differ from the surrounding skin in color (lighter or darker). They are usually smooth to the touch, but in some cases there may be a slight protrusion or roughness.
Such skin changes can be divided into three main groups, depending on the reasons for their appearance and visual characteristics:
- vascular - usually pink, red or purple in color, due to the condition of the blood vessels;
- pigmented - brown or white - arise from a lack or excess of melanin;
- artificial origin - are the result of the introduction of a dye into the skin (tattoos, permanent makeup).
In addition to this classification, there are several more separately considered variants of spots that are symptoms of specific diseases (for example, lichen).
Vascular spots
- Hyperemic (saturated with blood), which can be inflammatory or non-inflammatory in nature.
In the first case, such defects are a consequence of inflammatory processes, during which blood vessels dilate. They can have different sizes - less than 2 cm in diameter (roseola) and more than 2 cm (erythema). The cause of the appearance of non-inflammatory hyperemic defects is the dilation of blood vessels that occurs as a result of various emotional reactions (therefore they are sometimes called spots of anger or shame). Most often located on the face, neck and chest.
- Hemorrhagic . They arise due to hemorrhages in the tissues of the dermis due to mechanical external influences or, which is much more serious, as a symptom of a number of diseases that in one way or another affect the blood vessels.
If we are talking about the consequences of an injury or bruise (in fact, simple bruises), then over time they change color from red to yellowish-green, and usually go away on their own in 1-2 weeks. In other cases, much more serious treatment will be required.
- Telangiectasis spots occur due to persistent or short-term dilation of blood vessels (“telangiectasia” – what is commonly called spider veins).
