Erythromycin belongs to the group of antibiotics and has high bactericidal properties. The medicine is produced in different forms, but the most common is ointment, which treats various skin diseases and is applied externally.
Description of effective wound-healing ointments for mucous membranes in gynecology
Healing ointments for mucous membranes are often used in gynecology. Prescribed for many diseases, regardless of the reasons that caused damage to the mucosa. Based on their composition and mechanism of action, they can be divided into 3 large groups:
- Regenerating agents (Sea buckthorn ointment, Methyluracil, Vulnuzan). Wound healing ointments for the mucous membrane contain components that improve blood circulation and metabolic processes in tissues, thereby stimulating the processes of regeneration of damaged tissues.
- Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial drugs (Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Syntomycin, Povidone-Iodine). Ointments for healing wounds on the mucous membrane contain antibacterial components, inhibit the development of pathogenic microorganisms that cause inflammatory processes, and prevent the development of infectious complications.
- Combined medications (Levomekol, Vishnevsky's balsamic liniment, Pantestin). Healing ointments for mucous membranes contain both antibacterial and antiseptic, as well as regenerating components.
Sea buckthorn ointment
Sea buckthorn ointment is an effective herbal preparation, widely used in gynecology for the treatment of colpitis, inflammation of the vaginal mucosa, and cervical erosion. In addition to healing ointment, sea buckthorn oil can be used to speed up the restoration of damaged mucosal surfaces. The drug is used three times a day for at least a week.
Methyluracil
Methyluracil, which is part of the drug, improves metabolic processes and blood circulation in damaged tissues, exhibits pronounced regenerating properties, and reduces the healing time of damaged epithelium. Also, the pharmacological agent has an immunostimulating and anti-inflammatory effect.
In gynecology, Methyluracil is often prescribed to women immediately after childbirth to heal microcracks and serious tears, accelerate the healing of sutures and prevent the formation of scars after surgical interventions. Gynecological tampons with healing vaginal ointment are inserted into the vagina 2-3 times a day for 4-7 days.
Vulnuzan
A biological stimulator of regenerative processes of natural origin, obtained by processing the mother liquor of Lake Pomorie. The drug has pronounced regenerating properties and exhibits antibacterial activity. In gynecology, it is used to treat cervical erosion and accelerate healing after operations. Tampons with medicine are administered once a day before bedtime for 15 days.
Tetracycline ointment
A local drug based on the antibiotic tetracycline has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity and inhibits the development of most gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The drug also exhibits anti-inflammatory and regenerating properties.
Tetracycline ointment is used in gynecology to treat various diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms. In the treatment of genital herpes and inflammation of the appendages, the drug with tetracycline is especially effective. The method of using tampons with Tetracycline ointment in gynecology is standard, the frequency of administration is once a day.
Erythromycin ointment
Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that is active primarily against gram-positive bacteria. In gynecology, Erythromycin ointment is usually used in the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria resistant to tetracycline, chloramphenicol, streptomycin. The frequency of use of Erythromycin ointment in gynecology is once a day. The duration of therapy is determined by the doctor individually.
Important! The main disadvantage of using tampons with Erythromycin ointment in gynecology is the rapid development of bacterial resistance to erythromycin.
Sintomycin
The drug based on the antibiotic chloramphenicol is characterized by a broad spectrum of action and inhibits the development of bacteria resistant to sulfonamides and tetracycline. In gynecology it is used to treat inflammatory diseases caused by pathogenic flora. However, with prolonged use it can provoke the development of candidiasis.
Povidone-Iodine
A pharmacological agent with the active ingredient of the same name is available in the form of an ointment and solution for external use. It has a pronounced disinfectant and antiseptic effect, and is active against most gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
The solution in gynecology is used to disinfect the birth canal before surgery (insertion of an intrauterine device, termination of pregnancy, etc.). Indications for prescribing the ointment are specific and nonspecific vaginitis, candidiasis, genital herpes, trichomoniasis, preparation for surgery.
Levomekol
A combined product based on the regenerating component methyluracil and the antibiotic chloramphenicol. The active components effectively suppress the development of pathogenic flora, relieve inflammation, and stimulate the restoration of damaged tissues.
In gynecology, the ointment is used to heal wounds on the mucous membrane after childbirth or surgery, in order to suppress pathogenic flora during colpitis. For the treatment of gynecological pathologies, therapeutic tampons are administered daily once a day.
Important! For cervical erosion, the drug is used with great caution, only after a complete gynecological examination, since methyluracil can provoke the development of a tumor process.
Vishnevsky ointment
The medicine contains tar, xeroform, castor oil. In gynecology, it is used to heal postpartum fissures and ulcers, treat cervical erosion, accelerate recovery and prevent infectious complications after operations. The frequency of use of the drug is once a day, the duration of therapy is at least a week.
Pantestin
The product based on dexpanthenol has a pronounced regenerating effect, accelerates the healing of wounds and damage to the mucous membranes. And thanks to the miramistin included in the composition, the antifungal and antibacterial effect of the drug is achieved. In gynecology, a restorative and healing gel is used to treat colpitis and cervical erosion.
Instructions for use of Erythromycin ointment
Erythromycin ointment is a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent. It stops the development of infectious processes, showing primary activity against gram-positive flora, but also affects some types of gram-negative flora, preventing reproduction. Manufactured by Russian pharmaceutical companies located in various regions.
Release form and composition
Dosage forms of erythromycin ointment - for eyes and external use. The active ingredient is the same - erythromycin, an antibiotic from the macrolide group, 10,000 units/1 g.
Auxiliary components in the ophthalmic product are lanolin, mineral oil, sodium metabisulfite; for skin - the composition is supplemented with petroleum jelly.
Therefore, eye ointment is yellow or light yellow in color, and the drug used in dermatology is brown, with a greenish tint.
Dosage forms also differ in the color of the packaging. White cardboard packs of eye ointment have blue stripes, and skin ointment has green stripes. The metal tubes in which the drugs are packaged have the same design.
For use in dermatology - for the treatment of acne, skin rashes, perioral dermatitis - they began to produce erythromycin gel.
Instead of Vaseline, it contains zinc acetate. The consistency is light, the adsorption is high, the color is light yellow. There is a two-color stripe on the packaging and pack - blue and green. Price - from 35 rub.
Action
Erythromycin binds ribosomal subunits, damaging the peptide bonds in the amino acid molecules of microorganisms, disrupting the production of protein compounds, which leads to destruction at the cellular level. Active against 20 types of pathogenic bacteria - staphylococci, streptococci, clostridia, etc.
The active component is quickly absorbed from the surface of the dermis and mucous membrane, penetrates organic tissues - blood, lymph, pleural cavity and through the blood-brain barrier. The maximum concentration is noted after 2 - 4 hours, bioavailability is 30-65%. 30–35% is excreted with bile, 2–5% with urine. The residual concentration in urine is 5–8 times higher than the content in blood plasma.
Indications and contraindications
Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is prescribed for bacterial inflammatory processes - conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis, and is used to treat trachoma, including in infants.
Indications for external use:
- infected wounds and postoperative scars;
- dermatological processes in which ulcers form - including boils, phlegmon;
- bedsores at the inflammation stage;
- burns 1 – 3 degrees;
- trophic ulcers.
Erythromycin gel is used to prevent and treat acne. With its help, you can stop the development of inflammation and prevent exacerbation. The ointment helps with rosacea - for this disease, erythromycin is considered the most effective antibiotic.
Absolute contraindications: allergy to active or auxiliary components, severe liver and kidney pathologies, history of hepatitis. Use external agents with caution during pregnancy and lactation.
Features of application
The duration of the treatment course, dosage and frequency of treatment are determined based on the clinical picture. The daily dose is no more than 0.3 g, a single dose is approximately 1 cm of ointment (gel), squeezed out of the tube.
Read more Instructions for using eye drops Defislez
How to use:
- In gynecology - on the affected areas 3 times a day.
- For infection of the nasal mucosa - 2 - 3 times a day for 3 - 5 days.
- Gel or erythromycin ointment for acne is applied pointwise to areas of the skin that have previously been cleaned of purulent exudate with an antiseptic. They don't rub it in. The course of treatment is from 1.5 to 16 weeks.
- The surface of the burns is lubricated with a thin layer of the product when changing the bandage, for 1 - 2 months.
- For purulent wounds, the effectiveness of topical medication is enhanced by applying a tight bandage.
Ointment with erythromycin can be used in newborns from the first day of life.
For an eye infection - trachoma or chalazion - purulent formations are first opened in an inpatient or outpatient setting. You can lubricate sores in the nose, prickly heat in skin folds after secondary infection.
The instructions for using eye ointment recommend placing a 0.5 cm strip behind the upper or lower eyelid for bacterial conjunctivitis and blepharitis.
First, 3 times a day for adults and children from 1 year of age, 2 times for infants, and when the symptoms of the disease weaken - 2 and 1 time, respectively. Course of treatment: from 2 weeks to 1.5 months.
For trachoma, ointment is applied behind the eyelid up to 5 times a day for 4 months. The duration of use depends on the disease.
To speed up recovery, it is recommended to supplement treatment with medications for oral and injection administration with the active ingredient of the same name. The intervals between procedures are at least 4 hours.
Side effects
Systemic allergic reactions when using external agents occur in isolated cases - when treating large areas. Patients complain of an unpleasant taste in the mouth, nausea, diarrhea, and headache. If symptoms disappear after stopping treatment, their appearance can be associated with the use of erythromycin.
Side effects are described as: irritation, itching, peeling of the skin, urticaria, secondary infection due to emerging resistance or infection with pathogenic flora resistant to macrolides. Negative manifestations during ophthalmic use: conjunctival candidiasis, increased lacrimation, itching and redness of the cornea.
In case of individual intolerance, application may cause anaphylactic shock. Overdose when using external agents is unlikely.
special instructions
Before starting treatment, it is recommended to conduct an allergy test - apply a small amount of ointment to the inside of the wrist or elbow. If after 40 minutes - 1.5 hours there is no irritation, you can use it.
If erythromycin gel (ointment) for dermatitis is introduced into a therapeutic course, then the next drug is applied no earlier than 1 hour later. If improvement does not occur within 3 to 5 days, the drug should be replaced.
Erythromycin as an external agent has no effect on nerve impulse conduction. The medicine in all forms can be prescribed to drivers of vehicles and people whose work requires increased attention.
There are no instructions in the instructions for use for adult patients with renal or hepatic insufficiency to adjust the dose due to low absorption of the active component.
Read more How to use Duotrav eye drops: instructions and reviews
Drug interactions
When supplementing a therapeutic course with external agents containing erythromycin, the possibility of developing side effects must be taken into account:
- With Astemizole, Terfenadine and other histamine receptor blockers - attacks of arrhythmia, with increased tachycardia.
- With hormonal contraceptives - reduces their effect.
- Erythromycin increases the concentration of cyclosporine in the blood plasma, increasing the nephrotoxic effect.
- With Lovastatin - it can cause destruction of the epidermis at the cellular level, and if accumulated, rhabdomyolysis, up to renal failure.
- With corticosteroids - the effectiveness of hormonal therapy is enhanced.
- With penicillin, carbopenems, cephalosporins - reduces the bactericidal effect of the listed antibiotics.
Medicines used to block tubular secretion prolong the elimination time of erythromycin. External agents containing a macrolide should not be used together with antibacterial drugs based on lincomycin, its derivative clindamycin, and chloramphenicol.
During pregnancy and lactation
When prescribing an ointment during pregnancy, the doctor must take into account the possible risks - compare the benefits for the mother with the likelihood of side effects that negatively affect the developing body. Use during breastfeeding is not recommended - the drug is excreted in breast milk.
In pediatric practice
There is insufficient research on the effect of erythromycin on infants. The doctor decides the possibility of use individually. The active component is considered a mild antibiotic, therefore, when comparing when treating children in the first year of life, which is better, Erythromycin or Tetracycline ointment, the former is more often prescribed. It is recommended to limit the duration of use.
Acquisition and storage
All types of external medications can be purchased at a pharmacy without a prescription. Storing an unpacked tube in a cool place, at a temperature of 2 to 18°C; it is advisable to put the unpacked tube in the refrigerator. Do not freeze. Shelf life: 3 years from the date of manufacture indicated on the packaging. Keep away from children.
Price per tube of 10 g: ophthalmic product - from 90 rubles, drug for treating the skin - 70 rubles.
Analogs
In ophthalmological practice, Tetracycline ointment with the active ingredient of the same name and excipients - lanolin and petroleum jelly, is primarily considered as a substitute; the cost depends on the volume of the tube. Price for 10 g - from 85 rubles. If we compare whether erythromycin ointment or tetracycline ointment is better, then it should be noted: the first acts more gently, but the second is less likely to cause addiction to pathogenic microorganisms.
Other analogues:
- Long-acting ditetracycline ointment for the treatment of indolent bacterial infections. Price - from 120 rub.
- Colbiocin with a complex composition - tetracycline, sodium colistimethate, chloramphenicol. Price - from 270 rub.
- Tobrex is an ointment based on tobramycin, an antibiotic with pronounced action. Price - 190 rub.
In some cases, hydrocortisone ointment with a pronounced antipruritic and anti-edematous effect based on a glucocorticosteroid is prescribed. It alleviates painful symptoms, but does not eliminate the main cause - pathogenic microflora. Price - from 70 rub.
Analogues for dermatological use:
- Salicylic ointment with the active ingredient of the same name. Prescribed for the treatment of acne, normalizes sebum production, stops the formation of benign tumors, leads to remission of chronic dermatological diseases - psoriasis, eczema. Price - from 25 rubles.
- Argosulfate cream is based on sulfathiazole, a silver salt with a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect, accelerating regeneration. Price - from 320 rub.
- Syntomycin emulsion with chloramphenicol. The composition is enhanced by components that increase absorption and reduce irritation - castor oil and sorbic acid. Use during pregnancy and lactation is allowed, price - from 110 rubles.
- Tetracycline ointment for skin - contains the active component antibiotic tetracycline, and additional substances - paraffin, sodium sulfide, lanolin, petroleum jelly. It is active not only against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, but also against mycoplasma, clostridia, and anaerobic flora. Price - from 50 rub.
- Levomikol is an ointment with a combined composition: methyluracil, which accelerates regeneration, and chloramphenicol (the basis of the antibiotic levomycin) and a wide spectrum of action. Prescribed for purulent-inflammatory processes of epithelial tissues and mucous membranes. Price - from 190 rub.
Read more Taflotan eye drops - instructions for use
When replacing the original drug, you must consult your doctor. It is necessary to take into account the clinical picture, the etiology of the inflammatory process and the possible development of side effects.
Reviews
Patients who have already tried this product leave both positive and negative reviews. There are more of the former, but the latter should also be taken into account.
Antonina, 23 years old, Dimitrovgrad
When my daughter was 1 year old, she caught a bad cold. Snot, cough, conjunctivitis and stye appeared on the eyelid. In the morning my eyelashes were stuck together from pus. After I started putting ointment with the antibiotic erythromycin behind my eyelids, the irritation began to subside, and after 2 days the pus was no longer discharged. And the barley resolved after 5 days, did not swell, and there was no trace left.
Sergey, 26 years old, Dolgoprudny
I was very surprised when my wife asked me to bring Erythromycin ointment to the maternity hospital, because I thought that children couldn’t take antibiotics. It turns out that from birth you can put erythromycin ointment in the nose and behind the eyelids. My daughter’s irritation had to be treated for 2 weeks, and after discharge she was also smeared with this remedy. I liked that it didn't sting.
Valentina Vasilievna, 65 years old, Moscow
The grandson was embarrassed by acne, he even cried. His daughter bought him expensive lotions, but nothing helped. She suggested lubricating him with cheap Erythromycin ointment - it immediately felt better. Then I bought him a special gel, even the traces of the ulcers turned pale. I myself lubricate the wounds that often appear after weeding. They never festered.
Doctors speak of erythromycin ointment as a reliable and proven remedy, note the rare occurrence of side effects and recommend completing the course of treatment. The downside of the antibacterial component is that pathogenic microorganisms quickly acquire resistance.
If you stop using it when the disease goes into remission, then under favorable conditions the pathogenic microorganisms will be activated again, but erythromycin will no longer help.
You will have to prescribe stronger antibiotics, which are more likely to cause negative reactions in the body.
Source: https://infofarma.ru/maz-krem-gel/eritromitsin
How to make a gynecological tampon
It is important to understand that conventional hygiene products used during menstruation are not suitable for medicinal purposes because:
- Their main task is to absorb moisture, while a therapeutic gynecological tampon should release the active substance of the pharmacological drug as much as possible.
- It is quite difficult to impregnate an industrial product with a medicine that has a viscous, thick consistency.
- When a regular tampon is saturated with medicine, it can greatly increase in volume, which will cause difficulties during the treatment procedure.
That is why it is important to know how to properly make a tampon for gynecology.
To make a tampon at home you will need:
- sterile bandage or gauze;
- cotton wool;
- sterile medical gloves;
- needle, thread;
- scissors.
Composition of the ointment
Erythromycin ointment contains the antibiotic erythromycin . Its concentration is 1%. It has an effect similar to penicillin. It is a macrolide - that is, it belongs to the safest group of antibacterial drugs and is characterized by minimal toxicity. Erythromycin is less likely to cause adverse allergic reactions and is better tolerated by patients of all ages than penicillin. Therefore, ointment with erythromycin is prescribed even to newborn children.
Erythromycin has a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect (bacteriostatic - stops the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria, bactericidal - causes their complete death). It stops protein synthesis in the cell that causes the infection and thereby inhibits the further growth of pathogens. Basically, erythromycin is used against gram-positive bacteria ( staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, corynebacteria, trachoma
- this pathogen causes infectious inflammation of the eyes, which can lead to blindness).
As well as some gram-negative microorganisms - gonococci, meningococci, Legionella, respiratory mycoplasma, ureplasma, chlamydia, treponemes (the causative agent of syphilis)
, as well as dysentery and pertussis bacillus. Erythromycin has no effect against sexual mycoplasmosis and is weakly effective against Haemophilus influenzae infection.
Erythromycin has good penetrating ability (in muscles its concentration reaches the same value as in blood).
Erythromycin: contraindications and indications for use, which helps and side effects
Three main groups of antibiotics are currently successfully used to treat chlamydia: macrolides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones. The drug Erythromycin belongs to the category of traditional medicines; it is an antibiotic of natural origin that has a wide spectrum of action, from the group of macrolites.
In its effects, Erythromycin is similar to natural penicillins and has the same antimicrobial spectrum of action. This antibiotic is widely used in gynecology, pulmonology, and for the treatment of bacterial infections.
Macrolides are a class of natural and semi-synthetic antibiotics and are one of the safest groups of antimicrobial drugs. They act on bacteria at the reproduction stage and have a bacteriostatic effect.
Release form:
- tablet form – 0.25 g, 0.5 g, enteric coating, color – pink;
- ointments – ophthalmic and for external use.
The mechanism of action of erythromycin is based on the suppression of protein biosynthesis in the microorganism cell by binding to the 50S ribosome substance.
The antibiotic acts on:
- gram-positive bacteria: Listeria monocytogenes, Corynebacterium diphtheriae, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. (including Enterococcus spp.);
- gram-negative bacteria: Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Legionella pneumophila, Moraxella catarrhalis, Bordetella pertussis, Campylobacter, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (strains resistant to erythromycin, usually sensitive to antibiotics used simultaneously with sulfonamides), Ureaplasma urealyticum, Treponema pallidum, Ch lamydia spp. ., Clostridium spp.
Treatment with erythromycin for infections caused by fungi and viruses is not effective.
Indications for the use of erythromycin are as follows:
- Infectious diseases of the respiratory tract, the causative agents of which are mycoplasma or chlamydia.
- Whooping cough – treatment and prevention of persons who were in direct contact with the patient.
- Chlamydia, early syphilis, gonorrhea.
- Gastrointestinal infections caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum and Chlamydia trachomatis.
- Erythrasma.
- Intestinal infections caused by Entamoeba histolytica
- Infectious skin diseases caused by penicillin-resistant staphylococci, or if the patient has a history of an allergic reaction to penicillin.
- Pustular acne.
Erythromycin is an alternative antibiotic in case of hypersensitivity to penicillin in streptococcal pharyngitis, scarlet fever, infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, diphtheria, erysipeloid.
Erythromycin is also indicated for use as an adjuvant in the treatment of peptic ulcers and as a prophylactic agent to prevent endocarditis in patients after dental procedures.
Erythromycin ointment also has pronounced antibacterial properties, is widely used in gynecological practice, and helps with vulvitis and colpitis.
Erythromycin skin and eye ointment
Erythromycin ointment is produced by many pharmaceutical companies. It has two external forms - ointment for the skin and ointment for the eyes. Both forms contain the same concentration of the active substance (in 1 g of ointment - 10,000 units of antibiotic
).
They differ in their base - the ointment contains petroleum jelly, and the eye gel contains lanolin and sodium disulfite.
Therefore, the eye ointment has a light yellow tint, and the skin ointment has a brown-yellow color. Skin ointment - used to treat various inflammations of the skin and subcutaneous soft tissues. Ophthalmic – for inflammation of the eye tissues. For a more detailed description of the list of inflammations for which skin and eye ointments are used, look at the instructions for these two drugs.
Pharmacological action and composition of the drug
1 g of dosage form contains 10 thousand units as an active substance.
In addition, the composition of the eye ointment as additional components includes:
- petrolatum;
- lanolin;
- sodium disulfide.
Erythromycin stops the growth and reproduction of the following microorganisms, such as:
- staphylococci that synthesize and do not synthesize penicillinase;
- streptococci;
- anthrax pathogen;
- clostridia;
- diphtheria corynebacterium;
- gonococci;
- meningococci;
- whooping cough stick;
- hemophilus influenzae;
- Brucella;
- treponema pallidum;
- chlamydia;
- ureaplasma;
- mycoplasma;
- legionella pneumophila.
Erythromycin is not active against most gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella), mycobacteria, viruses and fungi. Macrolide is better tolerated than penicillins. Resistance of pathogenic agents to erythromycin develops rapidly.
Erythromycin eye ointment
Eye ointment with erythromycin is used for infectious eye diseases. It is important to know which infectious agent caused the inflammation. Ointment with erythromycin is effective against those pathogens that are sensitive to this antibiotic.
The composition of the ointment is used for:
- Conjunctivitis (inflammation of the inner surface of the eyelids).
Note: erythromycin ointment for conjunctivitis can be used even in newborns.
- Blepharitis (inflammation of the edge of the lower or upper eyelid).
- Keratitis (inflammation of the transparent surface membrane of the eyeball). If left untreated, keratitis leads to decreased vision and clouding of the cornea (the so-called cataract).
- In the treatment of trachoma (purulent inflammation of the lower or upper part of the cornea, located under the lower or upper eyelid, often caused by chlamydia). Trachoma also causes corneal clouding and blindness. During the treatment of trachoma, it is necessary to open the resulting purulent follicles.
- In the treatment of barley (purulent inflammation of the ciliary bulb).
When treating eye inflammation, the ointment is placed behind the lower or upper eyelid. The number of deposits per day is determined by the extent of the infection. For conjunctivitis, the ointment is applied 2 or 3 times during the day, for trachoma - 4 or 5 times.
Note: erythromycin eye ointment is used for three months in the treatment of trachoma, and for 2 to 3 weeks in the treatment of conjunctivitis.
Scope of application and contraindications
Ointment for external use is prescribed for infectious diseases of the skin and soft tissues:
- acne in teenagers;
- infected wounds;
- burns II III degree;
- trophic ulcers;
- bedsores.
Eye ointment is prescribed if the following diseases are observed:
- conjunctivitis, including neonatal;
- inflammation of the skin of the eyelids;
- blepharoconjunctivitis (inflammation of the conjunctiva and skin of the eyelids is simultaneously observed);
- keratitis;
- eye diseases caused by chlamydia;
- meibomite (barley).
The drug in both dosage forms cannot be used if:
- individual intolerance to the composition of the medication;
- severe liver pathologies.
Ointment for external use should not be prescribed if:
- renal failure;
- past jaundice;
- treatment with medications based on terfenadine, astemizole.
Adverse reactions and cases of overdose
During treatment with ointment for external use, the following negative reactions may occur:
- liver dysfunction;
- gastralgia;
- nausea, vomiting;
- allergic reactions that may manifest as anaphylaxis;
- intrahepatic cholestasis;
- redness, itching, irritation, peeling of the skin.
When using the eye shape:
- blurred vision;
- irritation of the conjunctiva.
With prolonged use, it is possible that a bacterial infection caused by pathogens that are resistant to the macrolide may occur.
To date, not a single case of overdose with erythromycin ointment has been recorded.
Skin ointment
Instructions for use of erythromycin ointment regulate its use for various infections of the skin and soft tissues. For pustules and acne, for the treatment of infected bedsores, burns and frostbite, for any damage to the skin with subsequent infection. For effective treatment, it is important to understand that erythromycin is used when the wound is inflamed and has suppuration .
If the wound is not infected, if there is no pus, then there is no need to use an antibiotic. To speed up healing, you can get by with a regenerating composition (panthenol spray, solcoseryl gel, sea buckthorn oil)
.
And to prevent infection, treat the wound with antiseptic solutions (peroxide, brilliant green, Castellani paint, iodine)
.
External erythromycin ointment is applied to inflamed areas of the skin 2-3 times a day for one to two months.
It is important to know that long-term use of erythromycin ointment (like any other composition with an antibiotic) leads to addiction . Pathogenic bacteria adapt to the action of erythromycin and continue to multiply in its presence.
Vivid examples of the development of resistance (stability) are the following facts. According to Japanese statistics, 60% of pneumococcal strains are resistant to erythromycin. In Finland, resistance to this antibiotic was detected in 45% of streptococcal strains. The tendency to increase the resistance of pathogenic microorganisms increases after the active administration of erythromycin to children.
What does erythromycin ointment help with?
The main active ingredient included in the composition is erythromycin. The ointment is produced in convenient tubes of different sizes. A ten-gram package contains only one gram of this broad-spectrum antibiotic, but this amount is enough to effectively combat various infections. Erythromycin ointment has bacteriostatic, anti-acne and antibacterial properties. The composition also includes additional components: lanolin, napizol, petroleum jelly, sodium disulfate, napinin.
The color of the medicine can vary: from pale yellow to bright yellow-brown. The drug belongs to the group of macrolides and was developed to destroy foreign microorganisms. When the ointment is applied to the affected area, erythromycin helps inhibit the formation of bonds between amino acids and creates an obstacle to the production of protein by pathogenic microorganisms. The range of effects of the ointment: streptococcus, chlamydia, brucella, staphylococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, mycoplasma and other bacteria.
Erythromycin in cosmetology: acne treatment
The use of erythromycin ointment for acne is due to its anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effect . This remedy helps with stable use (leads to the death of all pathogenic bacteria). Therefore, you should not hope for a quick effect; you need to smear pimples and acne with ointment for one to two months.
In addition to acne, ointment with an antibacterial composition can be used for other skin inflammations with ulcers and boils. The ointment is not used in the treatment of non-infectious inflammations (diaper rash, dermatitis)
, as well as for the treatment of skin rashes of viral origin
(varicella, herpetic, rubella)
.
Erythromycin ointment for dermatitis can be used if a bacterial infection is added to the skin inflammation. The situation is similar with the treatment of burns and frostbite. They should be treated with erythromycin ointment if an infection occurs or pus appears. In other cases, when there is no infection, you should not use a “weapon of mass destruction”
- an ointment with an antibacterial composition (erythromycin).
Contraindications for use
The range of problems that erythromycin ointment helps with is quite large, but there are also some contraindications. It must be remembered that the ointment contains an antibiotic, which is not tolerated by everyone.
Contraindications:
— individual intolerance to the components of the ointment in the form of allergies (hypersensitivity);
- severe pathologies of the liver and kidneys;
— it is undesirable to use during pregnancy and breastfeeding;
- jaundice.
Sometimes during treatment, skin irritation may occur and there is a risk of developing a secondary infection. Side effects may also occur: peeling, eye irritation, itching. Basically, such symptoms appear at the beginning of treatment, while addiction to erythromycin occurs. If side effects do not disappear after a couple of days, you need to consult a doctor to find an analogue of the drug that will not cause negative reactions. In rare cases, the ointment can cause allergies, swelling, dizziness, skin rash, and difficulty breathing. The medicine can be used in combination with other drugs. But only after consulting a doctor.
Erythromycin and adenoids
Erythromycin nasal ointment is prescribed for the treatment of adenoids in the initial stage . It is effective when enlarged adenoids are accompanied by inflammation of the sinus mucosa (runny nose). In this case, the antibiotic acts on the source of the infection and treats the inflammation.
If the cause of the enlargement of the adenoids is the proliferation of lymphoid tissue without the presence of an infectious agent, then the use of antibacterial ointment will be ineffective.
Erythromycin ointment in gynecology
The use of erythromycin in gynecology is indicated for the treatment of inflammation of the female genital organs. Moreover, the erythromycin composition is effective if the pathogen is of a bacterial nature and is sensitive to the action of the antibiotic.
most often used to treat vulvitis and vaginitis (inflammation of the external genitalia and vagina). The ointment is applied to a cotton swab and bandage and inserted into the vagina at night. Treatment time is 14 days with a break of 7 days and a second course of treatment (14 days, if necessary).
Note: treatment with erythromycin, like other antibiotics, can lead to candidiasis (thrush). To prevent candidiasis, it is necessary to restore the bacterial flora of the vagina.
Erythromycin ointment in the treatment of skin and eye diseases, instructions for its use
The main active ingredient of erythromycin ointment is the antibiotic erythromycin from the macrolide group. This antibiotic has a bacteriostatic effect on the human body.
It affects gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae, Clostridium spp., Corinebacterium diphteriae.
Most gram-negative bacteria, fungi, small and medium-sized viruses are resistant to the action of erythromycin.
Patients tolerate erythromycin better than antibiotics of the penicillin group, so erythromycin is prescribed in the presence of an allergy to penicillins . It should be noted, however, that when treated with erythromycin, resistance of microorganisms to it develops quite quickly.
Erythromycin ointment: composition and indications for use
In addition to the active antibiotic, erythromycin ointment contains sodium disulfite, methyl parahydroxybenzoate, propyl parahydroxybenzoate, napinin, anhydrous lanolin, napizole and petroleum jelly.
The ointment is an ophthalmic ointment; its color can vary from light yellow to yellow-brown.
Indications for use
Erythromycin ointment is used in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases that are caused by pathogens sensitive to erythromycin. Such diseases include:
- whooping cough, diphtheria;
- trachoma, tonsillitis, pneumonia, scarlet fever;
- otitis media, sinusitis;
- brucellosis, cholecystitis;
- gonorrhea, syphilis.
The ointment is effective in the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms (for example, staphylococci) resistant to penicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin and chloramphenicol.
Erythromycin actively helps in the treatment of skin (in particular, in the treatment of juvenile acne) and gynecological diseases, diseases of the organs of vision.
Erythromycin is powerless against anaerobic bacteria .
This drug is prescribed to children for skin and eye diseases. During pregnancy, the ointment can be prescribed by an ophthalmologist, dermatologist or gynecologist. Women's diseases can worsen during pregnancy; erythromycin will carefully help in their treatment.
Erythromycin ointment: instructions for use and dosage
The method and dose of erythromycin is determined individually, depending on the location of the infected area and the severity of the infection, and on the body’s sensitivity to the drug. Erythromycin is used externally. The ointment and the procedure for its use are prescribed by the attending physician.
Erythromycin ointment: instructions for use for skin diseases
When treating acne and skin diseases, the course of taking the drug is usually quite long. It is not recommended to interrupt it until symptoms and acne disappear completely.
Otherwise, the remaining bacteria will begin to multiply rapidly without experiencing the effects of the antibiotic.
This, in turn, can lead to purulent neoplasms on the skin and the need for a repeated, more serious, course of therapy.
The ointment should be applied to the affected areas of the skin in a thin layer. As a rule, the course of application lasts from a week to 10 days . In certain cases, these periods may vary. Only the attending physician will tell you exactly how long and how often you need to use the drug.
Erythromycin combines well with other drugs for purulent infections in complex therapy. Properly selected and carried out treatment gives noticeable results within a week from the start of use.
Due to its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, erythromycin is actively used in the treatment of acne. Acne is the result of the proliferation of propinobacteria. The drug blocks the process of their reproduction and destroys infectious agents.
The drug is also effective in the treatment of burns, ulcers, and ulcers .
Instructions for the use of erythromycin ointment for eye diseases
As a rule, erythromycin ophthalmic ointment is applied three times a day (for the treatment of trachoma, the frequency of application can be increased up to 5 times) on the lower eyelid. The duration of the therapeutic course depends on the form of the disease and severity. Treatment usually lasts up to two weeks. When treating trachoma, the course of treatment can last up to three months.
Erythromycin is absorbed into the aqueous humor and cornea. It is not absorbed from the surface of the eye and does not have a systemic effect on the body.
The drug limits the proliferation of harmful microorganisms and bacteria. The ointment effectively helps cope with conjunctivitis, even in newborns.
This ointment is often prescribed for infectious complications resulting from operations on the organs of vision.
The use of erythromycin in gynecology
The list of female diseases is dominated by inflammatory processes and diseases of the genital organs. Along with chemical, mechanical and thermal factors of their occurrence, the most common cause is infection.
Due to its antibacterial properties, erythromycin ointment can destroy a number of bacteria, so it is widely used in the treatment of many gynecological diseases, such as vulvitis.
Interaction with other drugs
Erythromycin is also used in complex treatment together with other drugs. But in this case, you need to notify your doctor about taking other medications.
Thus, with the combined use of erythromycin with theophylline, caffeine, aminophylline and cyclosporine, an increase in the concentration of the latter in the blood plasma may be observed, which increases the risk of accumulation of toxins. The drug is incompatible with clindamycin, chloramphenicol and lincomycin.
Erythromycin reduces the effect of beta-lactam antibiotics (penicillins, carbapenems, cephalosporins).
When taken with a complex of drugs whose metabolism occurs in the liver (carbamazepine, hexobarbital, phenytoin, bromocriptine, valproic acid, alfentanil), their plasma concentration may also increase.
When used together with terfanadine, astemizole , arrhythmia may occur; when interacting with dihydroergotamine, vasoconstriction and spasms are possible.
Erythromycin enhances the effect of methylprednisolone and coumarin anticoagulants.
Side effects and contraindications
The main contraindication to the use of erythromycin ointment is intolerance by the body to any of its components. This medicine is also not suitable for patients with liver disease or severe impairment of its functions, after suffering from jaundice.
Nursing mothers and young children should use the ointment only as directed by a doctor.
Side effects of erythromycin
Side effects of taking erythromycin ointment include:
- nausea, vomiting;
- skin redness, irritation or peeling;
- dysbacteriosis, diarrhea;
- eye irritation;
- candidiasis.
As a rule, these side effects are observed in the first days of taking the medicine, while the body adapts to the action of erythromycin. If these phenomena do not disappear after a few days, then it is worth informing your doctor about this; it may be necessary to select analogues of the drug that do not cause negative effects.
In rare cases, the ointment can cause allergic reactions , cause skin rashes, swelling, difficulty breathing, dizziness, etc.
It is important not to forget that only a doctor is able to compare the risks and benefits of using a specific drug or complex of drugs, and correctly determine the course of treatment, its duration and dosage of medication.
Source: https://glaz.guru/lechenie/mazi-i-geli/chto-takoe-eritromicinovaya-maz-instrukciya-po-ee-primeneniyu.html
Using ointment during pregnancy
Erythromycin ointment during pregnancy is used only as prescribed by a doctor . It is important to understand that this antibiotic crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Therefore, the prescription and use of this drug must be competent.
This remedy should not be used in the first half of pregnancy (local use of a bacteriostatic substance can pass it into the general bloodstream and through the placenta). Due to the fact that there are no systemic studies and sufficient data on the effect of erythromycin on the fetus, the drug is used with great caution. Even in the second half of pregnancy, erythromycin ointment is prescribed only in cases of urgent need, when it is impossible to do without this remedy.
Note: in medical terminology the phrase is often used that a drug can be used if the risk from the consequences of infection is higher than the risk from complications of treatment with this drug.” This phrase applies to any bacterial preparations, including erythromycin ointment. Erythromycin ointment is an antibiotic, and its use should be balanced, competent and meaningful.
Erythromycin ointment: purpose, composition, instructions for use and contraindications
- October 20, 2018
- Dermatology
- Ekaterina Vladimirovna
"Erythromycin" is a pharmacological drug containing an antibiotic. The medicine is available in the form of gel, ointment and tablets. The most common form of release of this drug is considered an ointment.
The medicine has bacteriostatic, antibacterial and many other properties intended for the treatment of skin diseases.
Before using erythromycin ointment, you must carefully study its composition, instructions for use, and also make sure that it will not have side effects on the body.
Composition of the medicine
The main active ingredient of the ointment is erythromycin. Other components included in the composition include small dosages of petroleum jelly, lanolin, sodium disulfate, napizol and napinin.
If you are allergic to one of these components, you must choose another treatment. The ointment is light yellow or brown in color. It is used as a treatment for eye diseases, as well as many other dermatological pathologies.
Manufacturers produce erythromycin ointment in tubes ranging from 3 to 25 g.
Purpose for treatment with ointment
This drug has a strong antibacterial effect, which helps block the processes of synthesis of protein elements. Erythromycin ointment fights infections that are caused by gram-positive as well as gram-negative environments.
The medicine belongs to the group of macrolide substances, which are designed to combat foreign bacteria and microorganisms. The ointment is also indicated for infections such as streptococcus, brucella, legionella, hemophilus influenzae, chlamydia, and mycoplasma.
Doctors prescribe it in almost every case of infection with the above infectious diseases. The main advantage of erythromycin ointment is the area of its effect. The product is applied topically to the affected areas of the skin.
This is extremely convenient and does not cause side effects from the gastrointestinal tract compared to treatment with tablets.
What does the ointment treat?
This product can only be used as prescribed by a doctor. Self-medication can only worsen the symptoms of the disease or not show the proper therapeutic effect at all.
When treating with antibiotics, it is very important to take into account the fact that certain infections may have reduced sensitivity to erythromycin. Therefore, before prescribing the medicine, it is necessary to do a special laboratory test.
A doctor may prescribe medicine for the following pathologies:
- Trophic skin lesions.
- Wounds and cuts.
- Burns up to III degree.
- Bedsores.
- Blackheads and acne.
- Infectious processes on the mucous membrane of the eyes.
- Conjunctivitis in adults and children.
- Barley.
- Ophthalmitis in newborns.
- Keratitis.
- Trachoma.
- Bacterial blepharitis.
This drug will only be effective in cases where the infection is caused by microorganisms that are sensitive to erythromycin ointment.
It is quite difficult to explain what the body’s sensitivity to certain antibiotics depends on, but one thing is clear - if you are treated without this analysis, there is a risk of wasting time and not getting rid of the infection.
Therefore, before starting to treat the disease, it is necessary to identify its cause, as well as do certain tests to select complex therapy.
Contraindications to treatment with ointment
What Erythromycin ointment is used for is already known. All that remains is to find out what exactly could be a reason to ignore such an effective remedy. The list of contraindications to the use of this ointment is very small. It cannot be used for local treatment in the following situations:
- In case of individual intolerance to the ingredients of erythromycin ointment.
- Liver diseases.
- Lactation.
Side effects may include the development of skin irritation in the affected area. Before being treated with this ointment, it is necessary to undergo diagnostics in a microbiological laboratory. The results will show whether treatment with Erythromycin will be effective for the existing disease.
Instructions for use on skin
To treat dermatological problems, acne and purulent inflammation of the skin, you need to prepare for long and complex therapy.
Without the use of local antibacterial ointments, the process of skin restoration will be significantly delayed. It is necessary to use erythromycin ointment until the damaged areas of the skin heal.
If you do not follow this rule, the remaining bacteria on the skin will grow, which will lead to an increase in inflammatory foci.
Erythromycin ointment should be applied to the damaged areas in a thin layer several times a day. The treatment regimen and its duration are determined only by the doctor.
This important fact should not be ignored, since the product is an antibiotic, albeit a rather weak one. The instructions for erythromycin ointment state that this drug is recommended for use up to 3 times a day. The standard duration of therapy is 7 days.
Most often, this period is enough to cure most dermatological diseases.
Using eye ointment
As a treatment for the eyes, the ointment is applied to the lower eyelids up to 3 times a day. When treating a disease such as trachoma, this amount increases to 5 times a day. The entire course of treatment for such a serious disease can last up to three months. At the same time, it is always supplemented with other antibiotics and drugs.
Treatment of any inflammatory process on the eyelids must necessarily be combined with squeezing out all existing purulent follicles. This must be done under sterile conditions and wearing disposable latex gloves.
Of course, the best choice would be to entrust such a serious procedure to doctors to avoid possible infection of the open wound. The duration of treatment with the drug depends on the stage, form of the disease and the visible result from the use of erythromycin ointment.
The instructions for use state that you should not use the medicine for more than two weeks.
Features of using ointment
If the drug does not help, it is better to notify your doctor and choose a more effective remedy. Basically, recovery for most pathologies comes within two weeks of daily use of erythromycin ointment.
Not every woman knows what this medicine helps with. But this drug is widely used in such an important area as gynecology.
At the same time, the ointment has practically no contraindications or side effects, which makes it an ideal option in the treatment of many inflammatory processes of the pelvis.
Application in gynecology
Inflammatory processes in the genital area worry many women of reproductive age. The most common cause of such diseases is infection.
It can be acquired sexually, and can also be formed due to decreased immunity and many other external factors.
Erythromycin gel has a strong antibacterial effect, which makes it an excellent weapon in the fight against the most common bacteria. The product can be used for diseases such as candidiasis or vulvitis.
Use in children and pregnant women
The drug is often used to treat not only adults, but also children. Erythromycin ointment has no contraindications for pregnant women, therefore it is one of the most accessible medicines for them. Pediatricians prescribe ointment to children for complex treatment of eye and skin diseases. For pregnant women, this medicine may be recommended by a dermatologist, gynecologist or ophthalmologist.
In gynecology, erythromycin ointment is especially popular, since, being pregnant, many women cannot use the usual medications, which often contain overly aggressive components. However, this fact does not mean that this medicine can be used without a doctor's prescription.
Only an experienced specialist can determine all the risks and benefits of treatment with this ointment.
Source: https://druggist.ru/430844a-eritromitsinovaya-maz-naznachenie-sostav-instruktsiya-po-primeneniyu-i-protivopokazaniya
Children and erythromycin
Erythromycin ointment for children is approved for treatment from the first days of life (if indicated and necessary). Erythromycin ointment is prescribed for infants to treat skin and eye inflammation. It is used in the treatment of birth infections when the baby is infected while passing through the birth canal. Often, an infection of the birth canal spreads to the skin of the face and mucous membranes of the eyes (causes conjunctivitis)
. For its treatment, erythromycin ointment is prescribed.
Note: external treatment with erythromycin for newborns is prescribed if there is no severe jaundice.
Analogs
Erythromycin ointment has no direct analogues in the form of erythromycin ointment. There are similar drugs in the form of solutions for injection (these are eriderm, erythromycin phosphate
).
And there are external ointment preparations with a similar effect and a different active ingredient. An example of such a drug is tetracycline ointment . Which is better - tetracycline or erythromycin ointment?
- Tetracycline ointment contains an antibiotic of a different group. It has more side effects and therefore is not prescribed to newborns and infants. Tetracycline ointment is generally not prescribed to children under 11 years of age .
- Tetracycline is a stronger antibiotic. In addition, the content of tetracycline in the ointment is 3%, and erythromycin – 1%. This also affects the effectiveness of treatment of the infection and the number of allergic reactions.
- With tetracycline, side effects are stronger and more frequent (redness, itching, burning and other allergic reactions to the antibiotic). Therefore, the use of tetracycline ointment should be justified by the extent of the infection and the complexity of treating the inflammation.
And one more thing: the price of tetracycline ointment is higher than the composition with erythromycin.
- Tetracycline is not suitable for use in children. This is a drug for adults.
- Tetracycline is used to treat widespread, severe skin or eye inflammation.
Reviews
I read that erythromycin ointment is used for acne. I smeared it on my face at night. In the morning, the acne actually became noticeably smaller. They say that the ointment should not be used for a long time. What should I do if acne appears constantly?
Conjunctivitis was treated with erythromycin ointment. It's inexpensive and really heals. I recommend the ointment to friends and acquaintances.
All information is provided for informational purposes. And it is not an instruction for self-treatment. If you feel unwell, consult a doctor.
Therapeutic tampons with ointment are an effective way to treat a number of gynecological diseases of an inflammatory and infectious nature. Local use of ointments promotes rapid absorption of the active components of drugs into the mucous membranes. Despite the fact that vaginal tampons with ointments are an effective remedy, using them on your own is not recommended. With long-term therapy, it gradually loses its positive properties.
Specifics of using tampons and ointments
To treat gynecological diseases, you can buy a ready-made product, mainly made in China, or make it yourself. Doctors insist that it is better to make a tampon yourself at home, because this is the only way to be sure that the product is absolutely safe and effective.
Making a tampon for introducing ointments or medicinal solutions into the vagina is quite simple. You need to cut a small piece of bandage and wrap it around your index finger in several layers, but you can also use another item of a similar shape. The edge of the bandage that will stick out from above needs to be folded into the middle and rolled over another layer. The wrapped bandage should be removed from the finger, a small piece of cotton wool should be inserted into it, onto which the ointment is applied, and then the entire tampon is coated with the medicine. If the drug is used in the form of a solution, you need to dip the entire tampon into it and squeeze it out a little. A more hygienic method of administration is to use an ordinary pharmaceutical product.
Vishnevsky ointment
Balsamic liniment is used to treat the following gynecological ailments:
- inflammatory diseases of the appendages;
- infertility due to obstruction of the fallopian tubes;
- cervical erosion;
- candidiasis;
- pathological processes in organs located in the pelvis.
Tampons with Vishnevsky ointment are used to quickly restore the genitourinary system after surgery, which gives the following effect:
- destruction of pathogenic infectious microflora;
- activation of the regeneration process at the cellular level, which accelerates the healing of the mucous membrane;
- the state of microflora in the vagina is normalized.
ethnoscience
You can make your own balm using honey and other natural ingredients. To treat various gynecological diseases, relieve symptoms, enhance the effect of medications and speed up the healing process, honey in its pure form is used. They need to lubricate the tampon and leave it in the vagina overnight. But they also use another recipe, in which it is necessary to mix this ingredient and onion juice in equal parts. For cervical erosion, honey is combined with castor oil in equal proportions. If you use folk recipes correctly, they can easily replace a medical drug.
